🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Poompuhar – Sangam Drowned Port of Kaveripumpattinam
Iron Age Sangam to Early Chola (c. 500 BCE – 500 CE) · Tamil Sangam / Early Chola
Sangam Chola drowned wharf 1.5 km at –2 to –4 m off Kaveri mouth – U-breakwater at –4 m.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Arikamedu – Indo-Roman Harbour of Podouke
Early Historic Iron Age to Medieval (c. 200 BCE – 1000 CE) · Tamil / Indo-Roman
Podouke silted brick quay 45 m at 1.5 m above former estuary – Rouletted ware warehouses.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Korkai – Early Pandyan Drowned Port, Tuticorin
Early Historic Sangam (c. 600 BCE – 1000 CE) · Early Pandyan / Sangam Tamil
Early Pandyan pearl harbour 8 km inland silted – beacon mound and salt-pan wharf under pasture.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Pattanam-Muziris – Roman Pepper Port, Kerala
Iron Age to Medieval (c. 1000 BCE – 1341 CE) · Chera / Indo-Roman
Roman pepper port brick wharf 100 m under 3 m silt at Pattanam – 8 m canoe at 4 km inland.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Chandraketugarh
Early Historic 400 BCE–12th c · Gangetic NBPW → Sunga–Satavahana → Gupta–Pala
Chandraketugarh — Early Historic port-city of Gangaridai (400 BCE–12th c CE) on Bidyadhari 35 km NE Kolkata, excavated 1957–68 Asok Datta. Ptolemy's Gange candidate, Wari western partner.