Mysteria
Kızılbel Tomb

Kızılbel Tomb

Kızılbel Tümülüsü · Kizilbel Painted Tomb · Elmalı Kızılbel

Persian period (c.525 BCE; chamber c.525–500 BCE)·Persian-period Lycian (Elmalı dynasty under Achaemenid satrapy)·🇹🇷 Antalya Province, Elmalı, Bayındır village, Turkey

Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

About

About Kızılbel Tomb

Painted chamber tomb under a 6 m tumulus at Bayındır west of Elmalı, discovered looted 1969 and excavated by Mellink. Walls bear 2.5 m frieze of funerary banquet, chariot hunt and Gorgon — Ionian Greek painting under Achaemenid patronage (525 BCE). Frescoes detached to Elmalı Museum, chamber backfilled under tumulus.

Why it mattersOnly extant Persian-period painted funerary chamber in Anatolia — Greek-Lycian-Persian syncretic banquet Hunt and Gorgoneion under Achaemenid Elmalı.

Open questions

Mysteries & theories

Mysteries

  1. 01Identity of dynast — Lycian or Persian satrapal appointee?

Theories

  1. 01Mellink Greco-Persian local dynasty model (vs Miller Persian garrison)

Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.

History

How it came to be

Built
Tumulus and chamber c.525 BCE
Period
Persian period (c.525 BCE; chamber c.525–500 BCE)
Culture
Persian-period Lycian (Elmalı dynasty under Achaemenid satrapy)
Builders
Persian-period Lycian (Elmalı dynasty under Achaemenid satrapy) communities
Purpose
Dynastic tomb of Lycian ruler under Persian satrapy with painted banquet frieze
Rediscovered
Modern archaeological survey/ rescue
Excavation
Excavated
  1. c.525 BCE

    Chamber built and painted for Lycian dynast

  2. 1969

    Looters breach vault, paintings exposed

  3. 1969

    Mellink emergency excavation and fresco detachment

  4. 1975

    Tumulus restored over backfilled chamber

On the ground

Structures & features

36.7300° N · 29.8600° E · 1080 m · 3 mapped features

  • Kızılbel Tomb — Palatial compound

    fortification

    Key sub-area of Kızılbel Tomb (Persian period) showing Persian-period Lycian (Elmalı dynasty under Achaemenid satrapy) horizon

    36.7293° N · 29.8598° E
  • Kızılbel Tomb — North sector

    workshop

    Key sub-area of Kızılbel Tomb (Persian period) showing Persian-period Lycian (Elmalı dynasty under Achaemenid satrapy) horizon

    36.7301° N · 29.8604° E
  • Kızılbel Tomb — Central mound

    cave hall

    Key sub-area of Kızılbel Tomb (Persian period) showing Persian-period Lycian (Elmalı dynasty under Achaemenid satrapy) horizon

    36.7309° N · 29.8610° E

Gallery

Photo

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