White Pyramid of Amenemhat II (Dahshur)
White Pyramid · Amenemhat II Pyramid · Tourah White Pyramid
Middle Kingdom (12th Dynasty)·Ancient Egyptian·🇪🇬 Giza Governorate, Dahshur North plateau — between Senwosret III and Red Pyramid, Egypt
About
About White Pyramid of Amenemhat II (Dahshur)
12th-Dynasty 'White Pyramid' of Amenemhat II (c. 1929–1895 BCE), so-called for bright Tura-limestone casing (now stripped) contrasting with later dark Dahshur mudbrick pyramids. Base ~50 m (documentation fragmentary; Lepsius estimated 50–82 m; recent magnetometry suggests 50 m with sand core). Ruinous heap 8 m high, heavily quarried; core contained limestone and sand fill, western side yielded foundation deposit with Amenemhat II name. Substructure flooded, little survives.
Excavated cursorily by De Morgan 1894–95 who found only dispersed limestone chips and statue bases. Rare evidence of early 12th-Dynasty transition from stone Giza-type to mudbrick-sand technique. Adjacent to plateau track, heavily pitted by robbers.
Why it mattersEarliest 12th-Dynasty attempt at Dahshur to reclaim Sneferu's necropolis; shows shift from Old Kingdom solid limestone to economical sand core.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01True base dimension lost to quarrying — 50 or 82 m
- 02Location of valley temple
Theories
- 01White limestone deliberately contrasted with red Bent pyramid symbolism
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 1920–1910 BCE (Amenemhat II, 12th Dynasty)
- Period
- Middle Kingdom (12th Dynasty)
- Culture
- Ancient Egyptian
- Builders
- Amenemhat II
- Purpose
- Royal tomb pyramid
- Rediscovered
- 1843 Lepsius map / 1894 De Morgan trench
- Excavation
- Partially excavated
c. 1920–1910 BCE (Amenemhat II, 12th Dynasty)
Initial construction
c. 1457 CE
Major expansion
On the ground
Structures & features
29.8056° N · 31.2231° E · 50 m · 2 mapped features
White Pyramid heap
pyramidDenuded limestone/sand mound 50 m
29.8056° N · 31.2231° EFoundation deposit pit
foundationAmenemhat II deposit found by De Morgan
29.8053° N · 31.2228° E
Gallery