Tumulus of Hunstanton-Force
Hunstanton-Force
Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE)·Nazca·🇻🇳 Quang Nam, Vietnam
About
About Tumulus of Hunstanton-Force
Tumulus of Hunstanton-Force in Quang Nam, Vietnam is a Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) tumulus attributed to Nazca culture. Systematically investigated through photogrammetry and stratigraphic excavation, it presents a monumental core with workshop zone. Construction employs dry-stone masonry and demonstrates long-distance exchange. Peer-reviewed reports and georeferenced plans verify location and chronology.
Why it mattersKey Nazca tumulus with stratified sequence and regional significance.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Cause of abandonment and collapse
- 02Population scale vs catchment
Theories
- 01Centralized storage and redistribution (Cunliffe)
- 02Elite residence and administrative centre
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 198 CE
- Period
- Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE)
- Culture
- Nazca
- Purpose
- Residential and craft production
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 198 CE
Initial construction and primary occupation
c. 303 CE
Major enlargement and wall circuit added
c. 438 CE
Peak occupation and regional prominence
1955
Scientific excavation and conservation
On the ground
Structures & features
16.3957° N · 107.7476° E · 685 m · 4 mapped features
Gateway
petroglyphAncillary field system associated with main monument
16.3976° N · 107.7486° EAltar
entrancePrimary tumulus at Tumulus of Hunstanton-Force — rock-cut facade
16.3970° N · 107.7462° ENecropolis Extension
galleryOutlier feature with petroglyphs
16.3941° N · 107.7488° EGranary Cluster
hydraulicPrimary tumulus at Tumulus of Hunstanton-Force — ceremonial avenue
16.3958° N · 107.7468° E