Mysteria
Uluburun Late Bronze Age Shipwreck

Uluburun Late Bronze Age Shipwreck

Uluburun Batığı · Uluburun Grand Cape Wreck · Kaş Uluburun Wreck · Late Bronze Age Uluburun Ship

Late Bronze Age (14th c. BCE, c. 1320±15 BCE)·Canaanite/Cypriot/Mycenaean international (hull possibly Levantine)·🇹🇷 Antalya Province, Lycia, Turquoise Coast off Kaş, Turkey

Martin Bahmann · CC BY-SA 3.0

About

About Uluburun Late Bronze Age Shipwreck

Dated dendrochronologically to 1320–1305 BCE (Cape Gelidonya terminus), discovered 1982 by Yalikavak sponge diver Mehmet Çakır 6 miles SE of Kaş on uneven shelf 44–52 m deep (artefacts to 61 m). Eleven INA campaigns (Wachsmann/Bass 1984–1994) excavated intact Late Bronze Age merchantman (~15–16 m, cedar hull) carrying 10 t Cypriot copper oxhide ingots, 1 t tin, 150 Canaanite jars of terebinth resin, Egyptian blue glass ingots, ivory, ebony, gold, Baltic amber, Mycenaean arms – direct evidence of Late Bronze Age east Mediterranean international trade. Displayed at Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology.

Why it mattersOldest intact deepwater wreck; Rosetta cargo for Late Bronze Age trade systems linking Egypt, Hatti, Mycenae, Assyria; copper isotope provenance revolutionized.

Open questions

Mysteries & theories

Mysteries

  1. 01Ship's home port (Ugarit? Cypriot? Canaanite?)
  2. 02Why carrying 6 kg of scrap gold jewelry for recasting

Theories

  1. 01Royal gift embassy rather than pure merchant tramp — cargo mix matches Amarna letters gift inventories

Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.

History

How it came to be

Built
c. 1330–1320 BCE (construction) – wrecked c. 1312 BCE dendro
Period
Late Bronze Age (14th c. BCE, c. 1320±15 BCE)
Culture
Canaanite/Cypriot/Mycenaean international (hull possibly Levantine)
Purpose
Long-distance tramp freighter from Levant/Cyprus toward Aegean
Abandoned
Wrecked on Uluburun headland reef – storm or navigational error
Rediscovered
Summer 1982 sponge diver; INA excavation 1984–1994
Excavation
Excavated
  1. c. 1320 BCE

    Ship sails from Levant/Cyprus with mixed cargo

  2. c. 1312 BCE

    Wrecks on Uluburun reef, sinks to 50 m

  3. 1982

    Sponge diver reports bronze ingot mound off Grand Cape

  4. 1984–1994

    INA/Bodrum Museum complete excavation and hull recording

On the ground

Structures & features

36.1275° N · 29.6861° E · -46 m · 3 mapped features

Gallery

Photo

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