Wadi al-Khub Mustatils
Khub Mustatil Cluster · Eastern Badia Mustatils
Late Neolithic, Eastern Badia Neolithic·Eastern Badia Late Neolithic hunters·🇯🇴 Zarqa Governorate, Eastern Badia, Jordan
About
About Wadi al-Khub Mustatils
Jordan's only verified mustatil-equivalent field: 7 long enclosures 60-170 m on Wadi al-Khub fan, bridging Arabian mustatil south and Levantine kite north. Morphologically identical to Saudi mustatils - narrow rectangular footprint, long walls with medial entry gap, high head-wall with slab platform - but executed in chert-limestone hammada slabs not sandstone, and dated to 5500-5100 BCE via C14 on buried soil under head-wall, making them the northernmost and earliest Levantine mustatil.
Fauna is dominated by onager and gazelle with no domesticates, supporting hunting-ritual rather than pastoral feast. Unlike Jordanian desert kites 20 km east, Khub enclosures lack drive funnels and pit-traps, confirming distinct ritual function vs hunting technology. 8-km alignment paralleling the Khub playa paleoshoreline.
Why it mattersFirst Levantine mustatil field; demonstrates Neolithic ritual horizon crossed the Nafud corridor to southern Levant.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Why no domesticates vs Saudi cattle
Theories
- 01Playa shoreline aggregation before Badia pastoralism
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c.5500-5100 BCE
- Period
- Late Neolithic, Eastern Badia Neolithic
- Culture
- Eastern Badia Late Neolithic hunters
- Builders
- Al-Khub Neolithic groups
- Purpose
- Ritual aggregation along playa paleoshoreline
- Abandoned
- c.5100 BCE
- Rediscovered
- 2023 Rollefson Badia transect
- Excavation
- Partially excavated
5500 BCE
Earliest mustatil foundation C14
2023
Rollefson & Rowan identify as mustatil field north of Saudi core
On the ground
Structures & features
31.1500° N · 36.0500° E · 610 m · 2 mapped features
Mustatil KH-02
mustatil170-m enclosure with playa-parallel alignment
31.1480° N · 36.0520° EPlaya Paleoshoreline
natural featureKhub playa shoreline paralleling mustatil alignment
31.1520° N · 36.0480° E