🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Choquequirao
Inca Imperial 1450–1530 Neo-Inca to 1572 · Inca (Pachacuti? Topa Yupanqui)
Inca cloud-city with white stone llamas paving terraces above Apurimac canyon.
🇵🇪 Peru · Rock art
Toquepala Caves
Early Holocene (~9500–7000 BCE) · Andean high-desert hunter-gatherer (Toquepala tradition)
Shallow Andean quebrada cave where Roger Ravines documented polychrome paintings of camelids, deer and corpulent hunters brandishing bows, one of the earliest figurative traditions on the Pacific…
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Huánuco Pampa
Inca Late Horizon 1460–1532 CE · Inca (Wanka mitma)
Inca storehouse city 500 qollqas on Qhapaq Ñan, 1460–1532 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Huánuco Viejo (Wankapampa)
Pre-Inca to Late Intermediate 400 BCE–1470 CE · Kotosh–Wanka (Yarowilca?)
Puna hilltop predecessor village 144 houses above Huánuco Pampa, 400 BCE–1470 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Wamanmarca
Wari to Inca 1000–1532 CE · Wari–Cusco–Inca
Terraced Wari–Inca ushnu spring shrine on Cusco–Abancay road, 1000–1532 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Rock art
Toro Muerto Petroglyphs
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate ~900–1450 CE · Wari to Collagua / Inca fringe
5,000-boulder petroglyph desert - world's densest - Wari-Collagua dancers over 10 km².
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
Karajía Sarcophagi
Chachapoya Late Intermediate 1100–1480 CE · Chachapoya
2.5-m anthropomorphic sarcophagi on 2600-m cliff, 1100–1480 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Nazca Puquios Aqueducts
Nasca culture, Early Intermediate (~500 BCE – 600 CE; puquios ~300–600 CE) · Nasca (Nazca)
Unique Andean hydraulic analog to Persian qanats: 36 puquios, each a stone-lined infiltration gallery tapping sub-river gravel aquifers, ventilated by corkscrew stone spirals descending to the…
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
Revash Mausoleums
Late Intermediate Chachapoya 1100–1470 CE · Chachapoya
Red-painted cliff chullpa houses 4–5 m tall, 1100–1470 CE Chachapoya.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hydraulic works
Andenes of the Colca Canyon
Middle Horizon to Inca ~800–1532 CE · Collagua and Cabana then Inca
Collagua 1,000 km of canyon-edge andenería integrating amunas and qochas still irrigated.
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Sillustani
Late Intermediate to Inca 1200–1450 CE · Colla (Aymara) succeeded by Inca
12-m funerary towers in finely jointed stone above lake - Andes highest chullpas.
🇵🇪 Peru · Rock art
El Ingenio Petroglyphs
Paracas to Early Nazca ~800 BCE–400 CE · Paracas–Nazca
Nazca-basin boulder petroglyphs bridging Paracas trophy-head art to Nazca geoglyphs.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Paracas Candelabra
Early Horizon, Paracas culture 200 BCE–100 BCE · Paracas culture, precursor to Nazca
181-m trident/cactus cut into coastal hill facing Pacific as sailors beacon.
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
La Congona Fortress
Late Intermediate Chachapoya 1100–1470 CE · Chachapoya
Ridge-top Chachapoya defensive hill-fort, 1100–1470 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Laguna de los Cóndores Annex
Late Intermediate Chachapoya 1200–1470 CE, chachapoya mummy bundles · Chachapoyas
Northern annex of famed Laguna de los Cóndores cliff 150 m north of main 6-mausoleum group above lake: 8 painted gable-roofed chullpas (mausoleums) with tiered niches containing ~60 seated mummy…
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
La Petaca
Late Intermediate 1000–1470 CE Chachapoya rock art and chullpa-mast tombs · Chachapoyas
High cloud-forest complex at 2950 m southeast of Leimebamba: overhang shelter 30 m long retains 200+ red ochre paintings (anthropomorphs, camelids, geometric) and adjacent rectangular chullpa…
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Machu Picchu
Late Horizon (Inca Imperial, ~1450–1530 CE) · Inca (Quechua)
15th-century Inca citadel perched at 2,430 m on a narrow saddle between Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu peaks above the Urubamba Valley.
🇵🇪 Peru · Archaeological wonder
Ollantaytambo
Inca Imperial 15th century; continued as Neo-Inca stronghold 1537–1572 · Inca
Inca royal estate and ceremonial center in Sacred Valley with unfinished Temple Hill featuring six massive pink rhyolite monoliths (Wall of Six Monoliths) and extensive terraces that doubled as…
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Nazca Lines
Early Intermediate Period, Paracas to Nazca culture · Paracas / Nazca
Over 300 geometric and figurative geoglyphs etched by removing dark desert pavement to reveal light subsoil across 450 km² of arid Pampas, including 1.8 km hummingbird, monkey, spider, and trapezoids…
🇵🇪 Peru · Megalith
Sacsayhuamán
Inca Imperial, 15th century; possibly Killke antecedents · Inca
Cyclopean fortress-temple complex 2 km northwest of Cusco with three zigzagging dry-stone ramparts of limestone blocks up to 120 tonnes and 9 m high, fitted without mortar with sub-millimeter…
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Áspero Archaeological Site (Fishing Town of Caral)
Late Archaic 3000–2500 BCE · Norte Chico (Caral maritime)
Coastal port six pyramids, fish-for-cotton, 3000–2500 BCE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Pikillacta Archaeological Park (Huari)
Wari Middle Horizon 550–800 CE · Wari (Huari Empire)
50 ha Wari grid city 12 m walls 550–700 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Gran Pajatén Archaeological Zone
Chachapoya 800–1532 CE · Chachapoya
Chachapoya cloud-forest citadel slate-mosaic friezes, UNESCO 548.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Vilcabamba — Espíritu Pampa (Last Capital of the Inca)
Wari → Inca → Neo-Inca 1200–1572 CE · Neo-Inca (Manco Inca)
Last Neo-Inca capital 1536–1572, 12 ha jungle city.