🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Sagan-Zaba Bay — Lake Baikal White Rock Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Iron Age · Kitoi, Serovo, Glazkovo, Kurumchin
Baikal white marble 20-m cliff with 70 anthropomorphs 6000–800 BCE and surviving red ochre, Okladnikov corpus.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Shishkino Petroglyphs — Upper Lena Pillars Rock Art
Neolithic to Iron Age · Isakovo, Serovo, Kitoi, Glazkovo, Kurumchin
Upper Lena 3.5-km sandstone pillars with 2000 Neolithic–Iron elk, boats and shaman-horses, Okladnikov's type site.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II — Yaloman Chuya Bluff Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Turkic · Afanasievo, Andronovo, Scythian-Pazyryk, Turkic
Yaloman Chuya bluff 8 km north of Kalbak-Tash with 3000 petroglyphs, Afanasievo Deer Mother and tamga alley.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Philippovka Kurgans – Sarmatian Gold Necropolis
Iron Age Sarmatian (Prokhorovka culture) · Early Sarmatian (Sauromatian–Prokhorovka)
29 Sarmatian chief mounds (400–300 BCE)—26,000 gold appliqués and scale-armored elite on the Ural steppe.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Ak-Alakha Plateau Frozen Kurgans (Ukok Extension)
Early Iron Age (Pazyryk) · Pazyryk (Siberian Ice Maiden horizon)
Southern flank of Ukok Plateau World Heritage 768 (2,200 m, 49°21′N 87°30′E) Ak-Alakha River valley palsa permafrost where Molodin 1993 Princess of Ukok site (Ak-Alakha-3) and 6 new kurgans form…
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Tuekta Kurgans – Pazyryk Culture Royal Necropolis
Early Iron Age, Scytho-Siberian Pazyryk · Pazyryk (Scytho-Siberian) culture
600–400 BCE Pazyryk royal barrows (early plateau ancestors)—8 horses and earliest Altai felt art.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Chuya Steppe Kurgan Complex (Kosh-Agach Basin)
Early Iron Age (Chuya Pazyryk / Saka) · Pazyryk-derived Chuya steppe
Chuya intermontane basin floor (1,750 m, 49°55′N 88°30′E 49.92,88.50 tectonic depression, Chuya River) dense kurgan necropolis on dry steppe: 35 mounds 6-32 m diameter (1760 m at Tydtuyaryk…
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II Yaloman North Terrace
Neolithic to Turkic Khaganate · Afanasievo, Okunev, Andronovo, Saka-Pazyryk, Turkic
North bank Yaloman terrace 1.8 km upstream of main Kalbak-Tash with elk-boat panels.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash III Chuyozy Confluence
Bronze Age to Turkic · Afanasievo, Andronovo, Pazyryk, Ancient Turk
Promontory at sacred Chuya-Katun confluence with ford-inscription and sun-wheel.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Uyuk Valley Second Kurgan Terrace (North Arzhan Satellite)
Early Iron Age (Arzhan-Chertomlyk) · Arzhan (Early Scythian / Saka Royal)
Second terrace north of Uyuk River (950 m, 52°03′N 93°51′E) in the Tuva Valley of the Kings, complementing Arzhan 1 (9th c BCE) and Arzhan 2 (7th c BCE) on south terrace and Tunnug 1 (9th c) centre.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Ust-Koksa Kurgan Field (Katun Headwaters, Altai)
Early Iron Age (Pazyryk culture) · Pazyryk (Altai Scythian)
Katun River headwaters kurgan field (973 m, 50°16′11″N 85°36′39″E 50.2697,85.6108) on moraine terrace above Katun (Ust-Koksa village 973 m, Dfc climate, UTC+7), bridging Pazyryk culture (5th-3rd c…
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Kyzyl-Uzuk Kurgan Field (Upper Yenisei, Tuva)
Early Iron Age (Scythian / Uyuk-Sagly) · Uyuk / Sagly Scythian (Arzhan-derived)
Mid-Uyuk-Seedling kurgan chain (850 m, 51°43′N 94°27′E) in Ulug-Khem (Upper Yenisei) floodplain north of Kyzyl, on terrace between Tuva's Uyuk Valley (Arzhan) and Sayan foothills.
🇷🇺 Russia · Megalith
Great Salbyk Kurgan
Tagar culture, Scythian (~800–200 BCE; Salbyk 500 BCE) · Tagar (Scythian-Siberian, Khakass steppe)
So-called Siberian Stonehenge: a 71-m square enclosure of standing Devonian sandstone slabs weighing up to 50 tonnes enclosing a truncated pyramid kurgan 12 m high.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash Chuya Confluence — Katun Mouth Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Turkic to Historic (3000 BCE – 1900 CE) · Afanasievo to Karakol to Turkic to Russian surveyors
Confluence outcrops with elk and runic at sacred Two Rivers junction.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II Yaloman Central Panel
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Turkic
Central Yaloman terrace 200 m above Chuya at 723 km tract, a 40-m-wide sandstone cliff with 180 peckings of Kalgutinsky elk, Saka deer-masks and Turkic horsemen.