🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Talianki – Cucuteni-Trypillia Mega-Settlement
Chalcolithic, Trypillia BII Cucuteni A-B · Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
3850 BCE 450-ha burnt-house proto-city—6,000 inhabitants, Europe's largest Chalcolithic settlement.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily East Sandstone Plateau
Eneolithic to Early Bronze Age · Sredny Stog, Yamnaya
East plateau of Kamyana Mohyla with 18 grottoes, Eneolithic stag and foot-sole pecked slabs.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily South Ridge Petroglyphs
Mesolithic to Bronze Age · Kukrek, Sredny Stog, Yamnaya and Catacomb
South ridge of Kamyana Mohyla sandstone hill with 30 grottoes, Mesolithic–Bronze Age pecked aurochs and horse-heads.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Bilsk Hillfort – Gelonus
Early Iron Age, Scythian period · Scythian-agrarian (Budini, possibly Geloni Greeks per Herodotus)
4,400-ha 7th-c. BCE Scythian mega-hillfort—largest in Europe, Herodotus's wooden Gelonus candidate.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily North Gully Petroglyphs
Early Bronze Age · Catacomb (Katakombnaya)
North gully 350 m north of Kamyana Mohyla with Catacomb geometric masks and wagon panels.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily South Ridge — Petryn Gully
Eneolithic to Early Bronze Age · Sredny Stog, Yamnaya, Catacomb
Southernmost sandstone outlier of Kamyana Mohyla island-hill, a low dome 200 m south of the main conglomerate mass exposing 12 shallow grottoes along Petryn Gully.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily West Gully Petroglyphs
Mesolithic to Bronze Age (8000 BCE – 1500 BCE) · Pontic Steppe hunter-gatherer to Yamna/Catacomb
West gully offshoots of Azov Stone Graves with bull and horse pecked panels.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamyana Mohyla North Grotto — Melitopol North Shelter Group
Mesolithic to Medieval (9000 BCE – 1200 CE) · Azov steppe pastoral to Nogai Turkic
North end shelters with cart/chariot and Turkic tamga palimpsest.