🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Palpa Lines and Geoglyphs
Paracas (800–200 BCE) to Topará (200 BCE–200 CE) to early Nazca · Paracas and Topará–Nazca
1,000 hill-crest geoglyphs (1000 BCE–800 CE) — the Paracas predecessor to Nazca on Palpa terraces.
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Calden Gallery Grave — Eckhardshausen
Late Neolithic (Wartberg c.3400–2800 BCE; Erdwerk c.3700 BCE) · Wartberg (with Michelsberg enclosure precursor)
Calden II is one of two Wartberg gallery graves (c.3400–3000 BCE) on the Calden plateau north of Kassel, a 10-m gallery chamber of limestone slabs within a 12 × 4 m mound, adjacent to the 7-hectare…
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Chaviña Pampa North Ridge Geoglyphs (Cerro Chaviña Norte)
Early Nasca to Wari · Nasca–Huarpa–Wari
Chaviña north ridge: 15 crest lines on 3,420 m hilltop with solstice-aligned avenue.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Piedras Negras — Pyramid Complex K-5 and Acropolis (Usumacinta, Guatemala)
Early to Late Classic Maya (250–900 CE) · Maya (Usumacinta basin)
Powerful Classic Maya kingdom capital Yo’k’ib on Usumacinta north bank (450–810 CE) with 8 km² centre.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Sellars Farm Mound and Village
Mississippian Middle Cumberland (1000–1300 CE) · Mississippian (Sellars phase)
Middle Cumberland Mississippian (1000–1300 CE) platform mound town on Spring Creek 3 km south of Cumberland River: single 5-m-high substructure mound (60×40 m) with refurbished summit structure and…
🇸🇾 Syria · Geoglyph
Jebel Druze (Jabal al-Arab) Kite Field
Late Neolithic to Chalcolithic · Late Neolithic / Ghassulian
48 Late Neolithic montane kites (6000–3500 BCE) on Jebel Druze volcanic slopes.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Pinson Mounds State Archaeological Park
Middle Woodland 1–500 CE (Pinson phase) · Middle Woodland (Pinson Mound culture, Hopewell-influenced)
Largest grouping of platform mounds in Tennessee and largest Middle Woodland earthwork complex: 17 mounds (12 platform, burial, effigy) in 1,200-acre Forked Deer River park, with Saul's Mound (Sauls’…
🇱🇻 Latvia · Earthwork
Aizkraukle Hillfort on the Daugava
Viking Age to Middle Ages (800–1255 CE) · Latgallian / Semigallian → Livonian Order
Aizkraukle Hillfort on the Daugava in Vidzeme, Aizkraukle Municipality, Daugava right bank, Latvia is a Viking Age to Middle Ages (800–1255 CE) Latgallian / Semigallian → Livonian Order site built…
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Al-Ghat Mustatil Field – Najd Plateau
Late Neolithic · Central Najd Neolithic pastoralists
29 Najd mustatil platforms (4900–4200 BCE) — easternmost Saudi rectangular ritual field.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Tumulus
Bayan-Ula Khirigsuur & Deer Stone Valley – Khentii
Late Bronze to Early Iron · Deer Stone–Khirigsuur / Ulaanzuukh
45 khirigsuurs + 9 deer stones (1350–750 BCE) in Khentii sacred valley — double satellite circles.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Bottle Creek Indian Mounds
Mississippian Pensacola phase (1250–1550 CE) · Mississippian (Pensacola culture)
Pensacola-Mississippian island capital (1250–1550 CE) on low swamp island (0.4 sq km) in Mobile-Tensaw Delta: 18 platform and burial mounds (largest Mound A 11 m high 90×60 m) enclosing 5 plazas on…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Grand Village of the Natchez Indians
Plaquemine–historic Natchez (1200–1730 CE, observed 1682–1729) · Natchez (Plaquemine descendant – Muskogean)
Historic Natchez capital (1682–1729) directly observed by French colonists (Iberville, Le Page du Pratz), linking archaeology to eyewitness chiefdom: two platform mounds—Great Sun's Mound A (3.5 m,…
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
San Bartolo — Las Pinturas Pyramid and Temple of the Murals (Petén, Guatemala)
Preclassic (1000 BCE–250 CE), Late Preclassic 400–100 BCE · Maya (Lowland Preclassic)
Revolutionary Preclassic centre (400 BCE–200 CE) with 7-m-tall Late Preclassic murals — earliest Maya polychrome mythology preserved inside 10 m-high Las Pinturas pyramid (90x60 m base) beneath later…
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar del Sur Este Avenues Geoglyphs (Eastern Approach Corridor)
Late Intermediate to Late Horizon (Inca) · Atacameño–Inca caravan
Salar del Sur east corridor: 20 paired Avenues forming 1.4 km converging system toward playa.
🇭🇳 Honduras · Pyramid
Copán — Temple 16 Pyramid and Hieroglyphic Stairway (Copán Department, Honduras)
Classic Maya (250–900 CE) · Maya (Copán dynasty, Yax Kuk Mo lineage)
Defining Classic Maya southeastern capital (250–900 CE) 12 km from Guatemala border, population 27,000.
🇧🇿 Belize · Pyramid
Xunantunich — El Castillo Pyramid (Cayo District, Belize)
Late Classic Maya (600–900 CE) · Maya (Belize River valley)
Dominant Late Classic hilltop capital (600–900 CE) 8 km from Guatemala border atop 45 m limestone ridge giving illusion of height beyond its 25 m constructed mass (total 40 m above plaza).
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Salbyk Extended Kurgan Terrace – Khakassia
Tagar (Scythian-type Early Iron Age) · Tagar
18 Tagar satellite kurgans (700–300 BCE) on Salbyk terrace — hierarchy around Great Salbyk mega-mound.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
El Zotz — El Diablo Pyramid and Royal Acropolis (Petén, Guatemala)
Preclassic to Late Classic (300 BCE–750 CE) · Maya (Petén lowland, Tikal adversary)
Steep ridge-top Early Classic royal acropolis (c.300 BCE–750 CE, zenith 350–550 CE) 7 km west of Tikal's enemy El Zotz main group, dominated by 30 m high Diablo Pyramid (terraced platform with summit…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Yazoo Mounds
Plaquemine–Mississippian (700–1500 CE) · Plaquemine-Mississippian (Yazoo Basin)
Major Yazoo Basin mound center (700–1500 CE) with 20+ mounds, plazas and bastioned embankment at Lake George.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Cedar-Bank Works
Early to Middle Woodland (1000 BCE–300 CE) · Adena – early Hopewell
Paired Adena (1000–100 BCE) and Hopewell-era enclosures on left bank of Scioto 5 mi north of Chillicothe: large 350-m-diameter circular enclosure (12 ac) with interior ditch and 1.5 m embankment plus…
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Kakinoshima Site
Initial to Final Jomon 7000–400 BCE (Jomon 1–6) · Jomon (southern Hokkaido, Minamikayabe)
Long-lived Jomon settlement and ceremonial terrace (c.7000–1000 BCE) at Kakinoshima, Hakodate, Hokkaido — 7.6 ha terrace settlement inhabited 6000 years from Early to Final Jomon, with 400+ pit…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Stubbs Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell (100 BCE–200 CE) · Hopewell (Little Miami)
Massive Hopewell enclosure at confluence of Turtle and Little Miami Rivers, 700 m long irregular rectangular enclosure (12 ha) with 1.5 m embankments and deep 2 m exterior ditch, featuring timber…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Junction Group Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell (100 BCE–500 CE) · Hopewell tradition
Unusual Hopewell (100 BCE–500 CE) enclosure complex at confluence of Paint Creek and North Fork, comprising nine geometric elements—four circles, two squares, crescents and parallel walls—covering 26…
🇧🇿 Belize · Pyramid
Altun Ha — Temple of the Masonry Altars (Belize)
Preclassic to Postclassic (400 BCE–1000 CE) · Maya (Belize coastal lowland)
Quintessential Classic Maya trade capital (400 BCE–900 CE) on Belize coastal plain 50 km north of Belize City, built on 6 m artificial elevation.