🇮🇱 Israel · Geoglyph
Wadi Arabah Desert Kite Cluster (Arava Rift Valley)
Late Neolithic to Early Bronze I · Arava Chalcolithic–EB pastoral-miners
Rift-floor kite cluster 18 m asl in the Arava north of Eilat: 11 V-shaped Negev-type traps.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Camarones North Terrace Geoglyphs (Northern Camarones Bluff)
Early Intermediate (Alto Ramírez 400 BCE–350 CE) with Archaic midden · Camarones Alto Ramírez valley fishers–farmers (Chinchorro descendant)
18 north bluff figures 200 m above Camarones gorge: round-head giants + llama and 62 m trapezoid to coastal springs.
🇲🇩 Moldova · Earthwork
Saharna Thraco-Getic Hillforts and Rock Monastery
Iron Age Thraco-Getic (5th–3rd c. BCE) + Moldovan monastery 1776– · Thraco-Getae / Getae-Dacians
Saharna Thraco-Getic Hillforts and Rock Monastery in Rezina District, Saharna village on Nistru (Dniester) right bank, Moldova is a Iron Age Thraco-Getic (5th–3rd c.
🇩🇪 Germany · Earthwork
Cape Arkona (Jaromarsburg) Slavic Temple Fortress
Early Middle Ages (9th–1168 CE, temple peak 1100–1168) · Slavic Rani Principality (Svantevit cult)
Cape Arkona (Jaromarsburg) Slavic Temple Fortress in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rügen Island, Putgarten, Wittow peninsula, Cape Arkona cliffs, Germany is a Early Middle Ages (9th–1168 CE, temple peak…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Kumsay Ridge Kurgans (Aktobe Kumsay Steppe Crests)
Early to Middle Sarmatian (550–350 BCE) · Sauromatian to Sarmatian Kobda ridge (Uil–Khobda interfluve)
7 Sarmatian ridge kurgans 22–48 m linear 12 km crest: mirror bronze and gold child burial — winter pasture beacon.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Cerro Unita South Geoglyph Extension (Gigante S Sur)
Late Intermediate (Tarapacá) · Tarapacá interior oasis people
South spur of Atacama Giant hill: 19 figures including lizard and raptor framing Giant viewshed.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Tunnug 1 (Arzhan 0) — Frozen Royal Kurgan, Uyuk Valley Tuva
Early Scythian (Arzhan horizon, early Saka, Aldy-Bel–Mongun-Taiga precursor) · Early Scythian (Aldy-Bel / Arzhan, Proto-Saka–Mongun-Taiga)
Late 9th-c BCE frozen royal kurgan (140 x 130 m, 1.8 ha) — earliest Scythian princely tomb in Siberian Valley of the Kings.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa Cerro Moreno Geoglyphs (Mid-Valley Headland Figures)
Formative to Middle Horizon (Alto Ramírez–Tiwanaku 400–1000 CE) · Azapa Tiwanaku–Cabuza–San Miguel valley oasis
26 mid-A with plumed giants + feline on Cerro Moreno 420 m, above Azapa fertile oasis 18 km from Pacific.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Llamara Geoglyphs
Late Intermediate Pica-Charcollo · Pica-Charcollo and Atacameno traders
80+ horizontal salt-flat geoglyphs (1000-1350 CE) on Salar de Llamara halite crust, caravan staging road.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
La Leche Valley Pampa Geoglyphs (Lambayeque)
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate (Sicán / Lambayeque) · Sicán / Lambayeque
Seasonal desert pampa (85 m) in lower La Leche basin (6°00′-6°40′S 79°10′-80°00′W) between the Sican capital Batan Grande and Túcume adobe pyramids, georeferenced by UNESCO tentative 6419 (Ceremonial…
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Grand Canal – Beijing-Hangzhou Section (Jing-Hang Yunhe)
Spring & Autumn to Sui to Qing continuous operation · Wu State, Sui, Yuan engineers plus successive dynasties
1,797 km artificial river (5th c. BCE–609 CE)—world's longest canal, feeding capitals for 1,400 years.
🇵🇱 Poland · Earthwork
Sopot Grodzisko Early Medieval Stronghold
Early Middle Ages (8th–10th c., Pomeranian Slavs) · Pomeranian Slavs (Wieclet tribe) / Piast expansion
Sopot Grodzisko Early Medieval Stronghold in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Sopot city, Grodzisko hill, Haffnera street, Poland is a Early Middle Ages (8th–10th c., Pomeranian Slavs) Pomeranian Slavs…
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Ancient city
Llanos de Mojos — Cedro Forest Island and Western Lagoon at Casarabe Central (Moxos Oeste)
Late Pre-Columbian (500 – 1400 CE) · Casarabe (Llanos de Moxos)
Casarabe Cedro West forest island 12 m high 300 m with causeway 800 m to lagoon 200 m and field ridges 2 km; Llanos de Moxos hydraulic.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Ancient city
Llanos de Mojos — Cedro Forest Island and Western Lagoon at Casarabe Central (Moxos Oeste) — v2
Late Pre-Columbian (500 – 1400 CE) · Casarabe (Llanos de Moxos)
Casarabe Cedro West forest island 12 m high 300 m with causeway 800 m to lagoon 200 m and field ridges 2 km; Llanos de Moxos hydraulic.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Wadi Rashid North Meander Kites (Northern Loop Meander Field)
PPNB Late–PN · Wadi Rashid meander peninsula trappers
1 peninsula meander kite 700 m: only 500 m artificial walls (220+280) closing 320° natural cliff loop peninsula with star pen 24 m.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Kyrykoba Kurgan
Early Iron Age, Sarmato-Saka Caspian · Sarmato-Saka Caspian lowland
Sarmato-Saka royal kurgan (480 BCE) at -5 m Caspian depression with mudbrick vault and female elite griffin headdress, lowest kurgan globally.
🇸🇾 Syria · Earthwork
Jebel Bishri Kites
Neolithic-Chalcolithic to Early Bronze · Bishri plateau Neolithic to Early Bronze pastoralists
28 limestone kite traps (4700-3600 BCE) on Jebel Bishri escarpment above the Euphrates, with plaster-lined pits later reused.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Khaybar North Mustatil Corridor (Harrat Khaybar Northern Margin)
Late Neolithic Arabian · North Khaybar pastoral ceremonialists
Northern Khaybar mustatil line: 22 early Neolithic ritual platforms along 8.4 km lava–sandstone beach ridge.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Tumulus
Tovsta Mohyla (Tolstaya Mogila) — Royal Scythian Pectoral Kurgan, Pokrov (Ordzhonikidze)
Scythian Late Classical (4th c BCE) · Pontic Scythian (Scythian–Bosporan elite, 4th c BCE)
350 BCE composite kurgan with 1,150-g solid gold Scythian pectoral — queen's unrobbed catacomb at Pokrov-Nikopol.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
La Venta (Tabasco)
Early to Middle Formative 900–400 BCE (Olmec florescence, post-San Lorenzo apogee) · Olmec (Olmeca, language affiliation Gulf-Mixe-Zoque hypothesised)
Apogee Olmec capital (900–400 BCE) – first pyramid in Mesoamerica? – 31 m (some readings 34 m) earthen fluted pyramid-pyramid (C-1) with 10 sunken segments, Complex A (north-palatial plaza with…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Tasmola Kurgans
Early Iron Age Tasmola 800-300 BCE · Tasmola Saka (western Saka)
Tasmola culture earthen kurgans (800-300 BCE) with 12-m dromoi catacombs, western Saka type-site at Karaganda.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa Valley Geoglyphs
Formative Alto Ramirez to Late Intermediate San Miguel · Azapa (Alto Ramirez, Cabuza, San Miguel)
40+ Azapa Valley terrace geoglyphs (500 BCE-1350 CE) viewed at short range, bridging Formative to Late Intermediate.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
Carn Ingli Hillfort
Iron Age (c.500 BCE–100 CE) with Bronze Age cairn · Iron Age Welsh (Demetae) / Early Medieval
Rocky tor-top hillfort (343 m) above Newport — stone-rampart contour fort with hut circles on Mynydd Carningli.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Kuhikugu — Eastern Plaza Cluster K10 at Seki Lake East (Xingu East)
Late Pre-Columbian (800–1600 CE) · Upper Xingu / ancestral Kuikuro Arawak
Eastern plaza K10 of Kuhikugu cluster on Seki East — 12 ha plaza with ditch and 1.2 km causeway.