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🇸🇩 Sudan · Submerged site
Medieval to Modern (c. 8th – 1922 CE) · Beja / Hadhrami Arab / Ottoman Egyptian
Former African Red Sea capital built entirely of coral rag — 19th-century houses collapsing into lagoon fringing reef.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient port
Middle Kingdom Nubian fortresses to Modern (1860 BCE–1964 CE) · Egyptian Middle Kingdom / Nubian / British colonial
Wadi Halfa is the submerged 1902–1964 port and fort at Second Cataract, predecessor to modern town now under Lake Nasser (moved 1964 UNESCO rescue).
