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The catalogue
8 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Khorezmian Kalaly to Kushan 400 BCE–300 CE · Khorezmian Zoroastrian
Zoroastrian temple town (c.400 BCE–300 CE) 2 km southeast of Kalaly-Gyr 1 — walled sacred precinct 120×90 m with tripartite fire temple, columned ayvan, and ossuary chambers, excavated 1981 by M.G.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Yuezhi 130–30 BCE → Early Kushan 30 BCE–50 CE → Kushan imperial 50–150 CE · Yuezhi–Early Kushan (North Bactria)
Early Kushan palace (50 BCE–50 CE) at Khalchayan near Denau — earliest Kushan princes fresco 2 m and terracotta court before Surkh Kotal.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Hepthalite 5th–7th c CE (Tokharistan Hepthalite) · Hepthalite Bactria (White Huns Tokharistan)
Balalyk Tepe — Hephthalite wall-painting palace (6th c CE) 30 km north Termez, excavated 1950s Stavisky.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Archaeological wonder
Timurid 1420–1449 · Timurid / Islamic Golden Age science
Timurid astronomical observatory (1420–1429) built by Muhammad Taragay Ulugbek, grandson of Timur, housing 40 m radius sextant embedded in 30 m hill-rock and 11 m underground to measure solar…
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan 1st–4th c CE (Kanishka–Huvishka) · Kushan Bactria Buddhist (Gandhara–Bactrian)
AyrTam — Kushan Buddhist monastery (1st–4th c CE) 17 km east Termez on Amu Darya north bank, discovered 1932 (Stavisky frieze), excavated 1963–82 Stavisky and 1979 Kushan inscription found.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Kushan (1st–3rd century CE) · Kushan Buddhist
Kushan Buddhist monastery on Termez oasis — fresco hall with Alexander-processional mural (1st–3rd cent CE).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Samanid to Shaybanid 9th–16th c (settled from 1st c CE) · Samanid / Qarakhanid / Shaybanid Islamic (Persian)
2000-year-old Silk Road oasis city preserved as intact medieval Islamic townscape with 140+ monuments.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Temple complex
Qarakhanid to Timurid 11th–15th century CE · Qarakhanid / Timurid Islamic
Eleven medieval mausolea (11th–15th c) lining narrow alley on Afrasiyab tell above Samarkand, enshrining Kusam ibn Abbas (cousin of Prophet) and Timurid royal women and generals.
