🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Headless Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 5th Dynasty, ~2422 BCE (or First Intermediate 10th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian
Headless Pyramid (Lepsius XXIX) east of Teti at Saqqara, c.2422 BCE Menkauhor?, 52.5 m base, rubble mound.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Layer Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 3rd Dynasty, ~2645 BCE · Ancient Egyptian
Unfinished layer pyramid of Khaba at Zawiyet el-Aryan (c.2645 BCE), 84 m base, accretion-layer technique.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Mazghuna North Pyramid
Middle Kingdom, 12th–13th Dynasty, ~1800 BCE · Ancient Egyptian
Northern Mazghuna mudbrick pyramid, Dahshur south (c.1800 BCE), 52.5 m base, unfinished Sobekneferu candidate.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Hillat el-Arab
New Kingdom to Third Intermediate/Napatan (1200–750 BCE) · Egyptian colonial and Kushite (Napatan)
Napatan rock-cut cemetery 3 km south Jebel Barkal (1200–750 BCE), pyramids 4–6 m base, rock tombs.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Soleb
New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, ~1380 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (imperial Nubia) and Napatan
Largest Egyptian temple in Nubia (Amenhotep III, c.1380 BCE), 135 m long, with Napatan pyramid cemetery.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Mount Nemrut (Nemrut Dağı)
Hellenistic Commagene (c.62 BCE under Antiochos I Theos) · Commagenian (Armenian/Greek/Persian syncretic) Hellenistic
Hierotheseion (tomb-sanctuary) of Antiochos I of Commagene (69–34 BCE), Nemrut Dağı tops 2,150 m peak with 50 m tumulus of crushed rock surrounded by three terraces bearing 8–10 m colossal seated…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
El-Kurru Pyramids
Early Kushite (El-Kurru phase 860–310 BCE; Piye 747–716 BCE) · Kushite (early Napatan)
Earliest Kushite royal necropolis (860–310 BCE) with 22 pyramids for Napatan kings including Piye (Piankhi), founder of Egypt's 25th Dynasty, Taharqa, and early ancestors.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Pasargadae
Achaemenid (559–530 BCE construction; occupied to Seleucid era) · Achaemenid Persian
Earliest Achaemenid capital built by Cyrus the Great (559–530 BCE) on victory site over Medes.