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The catalogue
4,496 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Late Neolithic · Late Neolithic Peak District
Arbor Low in Derbyshire, England, United Kingdom is a Late Neolithic megalithic attributed to Late Neolithic Peak District culture.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient village
Chad Basin Late Stone Age · Gajiganna culture
Urn-field mound complex defining Gajiganna culture bridging Saharan and sub-Saharan pastoralism before Kanem.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Old to Middle Kingdom / Late Period · Egyptian
Capital of Heracleopolitan dynasty (Dyn 9–10, 2160–2055 BCE) whose 'Instruction for Merikare' defines First Intermediate Period.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Pharaonic to Byzantine (New Kingdom – 7th c CE; Ptolemaic port 300 BCE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Egypt's western gate on Mediterranean lagoon, Paraetonium began as Ramesses II's western chain fort, then great Ptolemaic lagoon port with Alexander–Cleopatra stopover tradition; l...
🇯🇲 Jamaica · Submerged site
Early Modern (1518–1692) · English colonial / pirate
Infamous pirate capital of Caribbean ('Wickedest City in the World'), 2/3 slid into harbour by liquefaction in 1692 earthquake + tsunami, preserving 17th c storehouses under sediment - 'Pompeii of…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Middle Kingdom (1990–1650 BCE) · Egyptian (12th Dynasty)
Unfinished Sobek temple with 7 shrines on Lake Qarun shore.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Roman / Merinid · Roman / Berber
Roman frontier city at sea, southernmost colonia of Tingitana. Hadrianic walls, capitol, nymphaeum and Merinid necropolis reusing gate.
🇬🇭 Ghana · Ancient city
Akan gold trade (c. 1000–1750 CE; peak 14th–17th c) · Akan (Bron) / Hausa Wangara merchants
Sprawling 45 ha Akan trading city with four ethnic quarters (Brong, Kramo Wangara Muslim, artisans, market), producing brass crucibles and glass beads for gold–kola caravans to Jen...
🇮🇹 Italy · Megalith
Early Bronze Age · Bonnannaro / Nuragic
Li Lolghi Giants' Tomb in Sardinia, Olbia-Tempio, Italy is a Early Bronze Age megalithic attributed to Bonnannaro / Nuragic culture.
🇮🇹 Italy · Megalith
Late Neolithic · Arzachena Culture (Ozieri)
Li Muri Necropolis in Sardinia, Olbia-Tempio, Italy is a Late Neolithic megalithic attributed to Arzachena Culture (Ozieri) culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Terminal Classic to Early Postclassic (Maya-Toltec) · Maya (Itzá) / Toltec-influenced
Stepped pyramid-temple at Chichén Itzá with 365 steps representing solar year; equinox feathered-serpent shadow (Kukulkán) descends balustrade.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient city
Hausa–Gobir kingdom (c. 1450–1808 reform jihad; abandonment 1808) · Hausa-Gobir (king Bawa Jangwarzo, Yunfa vs Usman dan Fodio)
Final capital of animist Gobir kingdom at Al Kalawa, with 4.5 km desert mud walls and palace tell where Sultan Yunfa hosted then fought Usman dan Fodio before 1808 Sokoto jihad cap...
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Numidian / Roman · Romano-Berber
High-plateau Roman university town famed as birthplace of Apuleius (Golden Ass) and Augustine's school.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient city
Kebbi Kingdom (1515 Kebbi revolt from Songhai – 1808 Fulani) · Zarma–Hausa–Songhai (Kanta Kotal founder)
Rival capital to Songhai after Kebbi's 1515 revolt, Birnin Kebbi on Sokoto River with 5.8 km walls and citadel where Kanta's cavalry defeated Songhai at Surame aftermath; annual Ar...
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Predynastic to Ptolemaic (c. 3500 BCE – 30 BCE; peak 1550–1070 BCE) · Egyptian (Naqada – New Kingdom – Late)
Twin to Hierakonpolis, El Kab's double walls 12 m high enclose predynastic to New Kingdom town with rock tombs narrating Hyksos expulsion (Ahmose son of Ibana biography). Temple of...
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Numidian to Roman (3rd c BCE – 5th c CE) · Numidian / Roman
Applicant for royal Zama where Scipio defeated Hannibal 202 BCE on adjacent plain (battlefield scatter 5 km). Royal town with temple podium, walls and Byzantine fort shows Numidian...
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
New Kingdom · Egyptian (Seti I)
Abydos Osireion (paired detail) in Sohag, Egypt is a New Kingdom temple complex attributed to Egyptian (Seti I) culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Buried city
Emergent Mississippian to Stirling phase · Mississippian (Illinoian)
Largest Mississippian centre (650–1400 CE) with 120 mounds including Monks Mound (30 m, 1000x700 ft base, largest earthen platform north of Mexico).
🇯🇴 Jordan · Temple complex
Nabataean 1st c BCE–1st c CE · Nabataean
Detailed precinct within Petra (already listed as city) – but as distinct temple elaboration: Al-Khazneh 40 m façade and Ad-Deir 50 m, both tombs-temples with Hellenistic façades.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Fortress
Second Intermediate to Saite (c. 1800–525 BCE; Hyksos–Ramesside fortress) · Hyksos / New Kingdom Egyptian (Ramesside)
Wadi Tumilat gate fortress claimed as biblical Pithom/Succoth, with Hyksos glacis and Ramesside Tjeku fortress of Seti I (Pr-Atum). Excavated by Naville, Petrie and Polish mission...
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Minoan · Minoan
Knossos (Palace of Minos) in Crete, Heraklion, Greece is a Minoan ancient city attributed to Minoan culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Tell
Prehistoric · Regional Chalcolithic-EBA
Tepeticpac (Tlaxcala hill town) — buried prehistoric tell/village at Tlaxcala State.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Greek to Byzantine (6th c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Greek / Roman (Cyrenaica)
Submerged roadstead at Ras al Hilal with quay blocks 2–4 m deep.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Hellenistic to Roman (4th c. BCE–5th c. CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman
Submerged mole of Antipyrgos in Tobruk Bay (2 m deep) with Hellenistic tower.
