🇮🇷 Iran · Cave
Yafteh Cave
Upper Palaeolithic (c.35,000–30,000 BP) · Baradostian (Zagros Aurignacian)
UP Aurignacian cave (35–30 ka, Baradostian blades, shell beads) west of Khorramabad.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Çatalhöyük — East Mound Building 131 North Wall
Neolithic (7400–6000 BCE) · Neolithic Anatolian
Çatalhöyük — East Mound Building 131 North Wall in Konya, Çumra, Çatalhöyük, Turkey is a Neolithic (7400–6000 BCE) ancient village attributed to Neolithic …
🇮🇳 India · Rock shelter
Bhimbetka Satellite Shelter — IIB-33
Mesolithic (7000 BCE) · Mesolithic
Bhimbetka Satellite Shelter — IIB-33 in Madhya Pradesh, Bhimbetka outlier, India is a Mesolithic (7000 BCE) rock shelter attributed to Mesolithic culture.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Daimabad
Savalda → Late Harappan → Daimabad → Malwa → Jorwe 2300–1000 BCE · Late Harappan intrusive over Deccan Chalcolithic
Southernmost Harappan outpost (2200–1000 BCE) on Pravara River in Maharashtra, 20 ha mound famous for Daimabad hoard — four Late Harappan bronze sculptures (elephant, rhinoceros, chariot and bull,…
🇨🇷 Costa Rica · Megalith
Diquís Stone Spheres
Chiriquí period (~600–1500 CE; peak Aguas Buenas 800–1350 CE) · Diquís (Chiriquí, Isthmo-Colombian)
Costa Rica's Diquís Delta preserves over 300 near-perfect spheres of gabbro up to 2.66 m diameter and 16 tonnes, shaped by pecking and grinding until calipers verify sphericity within 2 cm.
🇹🇭 Thailand · Earthwork
Dolmen Cairn Mound Complex
Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) · Middle Bronze Age
Dolmen Cairn Mound Complex in Buriram Province, Thailand is a Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) earthwork attributed to Middle Bronze Age culture.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Hydraulic works
Hydraulic System at Mine Harbor
Late Bronze Age (1550–1050 BCE) · Late Bronze Age
Hydraulic System at Mine Harbor in Piauí, Brazil is a Late Bronze Age (1550–1050 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Late Bronze Age culture.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient village
Mehrgarh Period IV — Kachi Plain
Chalcolithic (3500–3000 BCE) · Togau-Kech
Mehrgarh Period IV — Kachi Plain in Balochistan, Kachi plain, Pakistan is a Chalcolithic (3500–3000 BCE) ancient village attributed to Togau-Kech culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Megalith
Nawamis of the Sinai Desert
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (~4000–3000 BCE) · Sinai pastoralist (Nawamis culture, Timnian)
Fields of roughly 100 dry-stone beehive tombs 2–5 m diameter on the high Sinai plateau between Ein Khudra and Wadi Watir, each a corbelled cairn with single entrance facing west.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Nelakondapalli — Khammam Stupa
Early Historic (300 BCE–400 CE) · Satavahana-Ikshvaku
Nelakondapalli — Khammam Stupa in Telangana, Khammam, India is a Early Historic (300 BCE–400 CE) temple complex attributed to Satavahana-Ikshvaku culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Peñasco Blanco (Penasco Blanco)
Pueblo I-II-III; Chuskum-Chacoan · Chacoan × Chuskan frontier (Chuska timber route)
Mesa-top wedge great house on West Mesa promontory (900–1125 CE) controlling west gap and Chuska roads — crescent plan with great kiva and hinterland pictograph.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Phanigiri — Buddhist Mahastupa
Early Historic (1st–4th c. CE) · Satavahana-Ikshvaku
Phanigiri — Buddhist Mahastupa in Telangana, Suryapet, India is a Early Historic (1st–4th c. CE) temple complex attributed to Satavahana-Ikshvaku culture.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Qasr Amra
Umayyad Caliphate (c.711–715 CE) · Umayyad Arab / Byzantine influence
Umayyad desert castle bathhouse (qasr) built by Caliph Walid I (705–715 CE) famous for extensive frescoes: vaulted audience hall with hunting scenes, musicians, six kings (Byzantine, Sasanian,…
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Rock art
Rock Art of Ghat Hamlet
Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo
Rock Art of Ghat Hamlet in Kairouan Governorate, Tunisia is a Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) rock art attributed to Ancestral Pueblo culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Cave
Sefunim Cave
Upper Palaeolithic to Natufian (c.35,000–11,000 BP) · Levantine Aurignacian/Ahmarian → Kebaran → Natufian
North Carmel cave (c.35–11 ka, Kebaran–Natufian microliths, Ronen excavations) near Nahal Sefunim.
🇰🇷 South Korea · Buried city
Spring Black Buried Settlement
Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) · Roman
Spring Black Buried Settlement in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea is a Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) buried city attributed to Roman culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Stratonikeia and Lagina Sanctuary of Hekate
Hellenistic to Roman Imperial 281 BCE–300 CE · Seleucid Greek over Carian; later Roman
Seleucid league city and Hekate crossroads sanctuary linked by 8 km sacred way with frieze.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Surkotada
Mature Harappan 2600–1700 BCE · Indus Valley (Harappan)
Small fortified mature Harappan town (2600–1700 BCE) in Kutch, 1.4 ha with stone-built citadel and residential area sharing fortification like Kalibangan. Excavated 1964–68 by J.P.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Brak (Nagar) (Al-Hasakah Governorate, Khabur Triangle)
Chalcolithic to Mitanni-Akkadian to Late Bronze · North Mesopotamian (Uruk → Akkadian → Hurrian)
Huge early city ('city without a state' per Oates) occupied 6000 BCE–1300 CE, peaking as Nagar kingdom (2600–2200 BCE) with Mitanni palace (1500 BCE) and Akkadian Naram-Sin palace.
🇪🇸 Spain · Rock art
Tito Bustillo Cave
Solutrean to Magdalenian ~18–11 ka BP · Magdalenian Cantabrian
Ribadesella polychrome Magdalenian cave sealed until 1968 with 14 ka harpoon culture art.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Hillfort
Traprain Law — Summit Cairn Terrace
Early Iron Age (800–400 BCE) · Hallstatt / Early Iron Age
Traprain Law — Summit Cairn Terrace in Scotland, East Lothian, United Kingdom is a Early Iron Age (800–400 BCE) hillfort attributed to Hallstatt / Early Ir…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient village
Village of Chashma Dara
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Village of Chashma Dara in Aswan Governorate, Egypt is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) ancient village attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient city
Visby City Walls and Medieval Defences
High Middle Ages (c.1150–1400 CE) · Gotlandic Hanseatic / Medieval Scandinavian
3.4 km medieval ring wall encircling Hanseatic Visby, best preserved in Scandinavia, built 13th–14th c. limestone with 27 towers, gate towers and caponier.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Altıntepe
Urartian Kingdom 8th–6th century BCE (late empire western frontier) · Urartian → Median → Achaemenid
Argishti II's Euphrates citadel with pillared hall, subterranean passage and ivory tombs.