🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Poompuhar – Sangam Drowned Port of Kaveripumpattinam
Iron Age Sangam to Early Chola (c. 500 BCE – 500 CE) · Tamil Sangam / Early Chola
Sangam Chola drowned wharf 1.5 km at –2 to –4 m off Kaveri mouth – U-breakwater at –4 m.
🇸🇬 Singapore · Submerged site
Temasek – 14th-Century Singapore River Harbour
Srivijaya to Temasek (c. 1300–1400 CE) · Temasek Malay / Srivijaya / Yuan Chinese
14th c. Malay wharf 80 m buried 2 m at Singapore River – timber pier grid with Yuan porcelain.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Pattanam-Muziris – Roman Pepper Port, Kerala
Iron Age to Medieval (c. 1000 BCE – 1341 CE) · Chera / Indo-Roman
Roman pepper port brick wharf 100 m under 3 m silt at Pattanam – 8 m canoe at 4 km inland.