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CategoriesTells
Mounds made of layer upon layer of settlement.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Old Babylonian · Shamshi-Adad / Shubat-Enlil
Tell Leilan Shubat-Enlil Palace at Hassakeh, Tell Leilan, Syria is a Old Babylonian ancient city of the Shamshi-Adad / Shubat-Enlil tradition, built c.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Early to Middle Bronze (3100–2100 BCE) · Ninevite V → EBA Urban → Akkadian
Titriş Höyük Outer Settlement is the 28-ha extramural sprawl beyond the walled lower town — together 43 ha, the largest EBA city in the Turkish Euphrates zone before state formation.
🇺🇸 United States · Tell
Pre-Classic to Classic Hohokam (800–1200 CE) · Hohokam Pre-Classic–Classic Gila Bend phase
Gatlin Site Gila Bend Hohokam Village is the platform-mound village at the Gila River's great bend 80 km southwest of Phoenix — an isolated Hohokam outpost where the Gila bends 90 degrees.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Early to Middle Bronze Age (Assyrian Colony Age) · Anatolian Hattian/ Hittite + Old Assyrian merchants
Double city: 21 m Anatolian upper town Kanesh + lower Karum Assyrian merchant colony (c.2100–1700 BCE) with 23,500 Old Assyrian cuneiform tablets — largest private archive of Bronze Age.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic–Iron Age (c.4000–800 BCE) · Ubaid → Early Transcaucasian → Hurrian → Hittite → Urartian hinterland
Keban rescue tell (Ubaid–Iron Age, 35 m high, EBA palace) now submerged under Lake Keban.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Hittite Empire (Old to New Kingdom) · Hittite (Nesite with Hurrian scribes)
Hittite administrative second capital (c.1600–1180 BCE, peak 1400–1200 BCE) on two hills Ağılönü and Tepelerarası, built by Hatti kings as storehouse/forward capital during Kaskaean wars when Hattusa…
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient village
PPNB to Pottery Neolithic · Middle Euphrates PPNB
Tell Halula Euphrates Neolithic at Middle Euphrates, Aleppo, Syria is a PPNB to Pottery Neolithic ancient village of the Middle Euphrates PPNB tradition, built c.
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Late Chalcolithic (Uruk Expansion) · Uruk-influenced North Mesopotamian (Nagar)
Late Chalcolithic Eye Temple platform at Tell Brak (Nagar) c.3800 BCE: 40×30 m earliest monumental terrace with alabaster eye idols — millennium precursor to ziggurat.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
OCP 1200 → PGW 1100–600 → NBPW 600–300 BCE · Upper Gangetic OCP → PGW → NBPW (Gangetic Iron Age)
Atranjikhera — PGW–NBPW stratigraphic type-site (1200 BCE–300 BCE) on Kali Nadi near Etah, excavated 1962–69 by R.C. Gaur (AMU).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Early Central Anatolian Aceramic/Early Ceramic Neolithic · Central Anatolian Neolithic (Konya Plain local)
PPN ancestor of Çatalhöyük — oval wattle-and-daub houses with bead-rich burials marking early sedentary foragers.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Natufian to PPNB (12,200–8000 BCE; Phase IA–IVB) · Natufian → Khiamian (Mureybatian) → PPNA → PPNB
Submerged Euphrates tell bridging Natufian to PPNB with early domestic einkorn and lion figurine.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Chalcolithic to Iron Age (5000–1000 BCE; peak Giyan IV 2000–1500 BCE) · Central Zagros Chalcolithic → Bronze Age Luristan → Iron I Luristan bronzes
Zagros valley tell with Giyan I–V paint sequence and 120-grave Luristan bronze cemetery.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Neolithic–Early Chalcolithic (Fikirtepe) · Marmara Neolithic (Fikirtepe)
Marmara type-site (c.6600–6000 BCE, Fikirtepe) bridging Anatolia and Balkan Neolithisation south of Lake İznik.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Middle Bronze to Late Bronze to Iron Age (c.2200–700 BCE, peak Levels VII–IV 1480–1270 BCE) · Amorite / Mitanni / Hittite / Mukish (Alalakh, Yamhad dependency)
Palatial mound Tell Atchana (Alalakh, capital of Mukish) 20 ha, 20 m high on Orontes plain: Middle Bronze palace Level VII (Idrimi c.1480 BCE) 80×50 m with archive 200 tablets and throne room with…
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Early Bronze Jezirah 0–III (Chalcolithic to Early Dyn to Akkadian) · North Mesopotamian Jezirah (Ebla-Mari world)
Circular double-walled Early Bronze city (c.3400–2200 BCE, EJ 0–III) in 130mm rainfall steppe — proof Jezirah cities flourished without southern irrigation via dry-farming + wadi runoff.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Chalcolithic through Byzantine; EBA III–MBA II, Hittite, Neo-Hittite, Assyrian (Iron II) · Euphrates–Islahiye EBA → Neo-Hittite Luwian → Neo-Assyrian provincial
56-m Neo-Assyrian provincial tell (Azâ) with EBA–Iron II fortified town and moat between Sajur and Euphrates.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient village
Natufian to Neolithic · Epi-Palaeolithic / Neolithic
Tell Abu Hureyra Euphrates at Euphrates, Raqqa, Syria is a Natufian to Neolithic ancient village of the Epi-Palaeolithic / Neolithic tradition, built c.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Late Chalcolithic to Mitanni (4000 BCE–1300 BCE) · Late Chalcolithic → Ninevite V → Hurrian Akkadian → Mittani (Hurrian Urkesh)
Tell Mozan (Urkesh) Satellite Mound is the 6.2-ha southern suburb 800 m south of Tell Mozan — the Hurrian capital Urkesh, city of Kumarbi at the Taurus piedmont.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Bronze Age to Iron II (Late Bronze–U/A Mannaean; peak Hasanlu IVB Iron II c.1050–800 BCE) · Late Bronze Hurrian–Mitanni substrate → Iron Age Mannaean (Indo-Iranian hint) under Urartian pressure → Assyrian fringe
Solduz hill-citadel torched c.800 BCE — 150 massacre-victims around the Gold Bowl.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Tell
Neolithic → EB → MB → LBA Amarna → Iron → Persian → Crusader (7000 BCE–1300 CE) · Levantine (Amorite → Egyptian/Hittite → Phoenician → Crusader)
Akkar plain tell-town (Neolithic–Crusader) — EB rampart, Amarna Irqata, Phoenician and Crusader castle on 30 ha.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Chalcolithic Malwa 1600–1300 BCE · Malwa Chalcolithic Narmada facies — Navdatoli type-site
Navdatoli Narmada Settlement — Malwa Chalcolithic classic site (1600–1300 BCE) on Narmada opposite Maheshwar, excavated 1952–57 by Sankalia–Subbarao (Deccan College–MSU).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A–B to Pottery Neolithic (9300–5500 BCE) · Upper Tigris PPN (Northern Fertile Crescent)
PPNA–PPNB lakeside village at Tigris–Botan confluence documenting crop domestication pathway.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Early Bronze Age (3200–1950 BCE) · West Anatolian Early Bronze → Hittite scatter
Küllüoba Höyük South Extension exposes the EBA II–III domestic quarter 80 m south of the central burnt compound (Level II).
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Tell
Early Neolithic to Chalcolithic (6200–4000 BCE; Karanovo I–VII) · Karanovo I–VII → Gumelniţa–Kodžadermen → Early Bronze Ezero
Type tell 6200–4000 BCE — 12 m Karanovo I–VII 18 horizons (Mikov).
