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Burial monuments and the things sent with the dead.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Asuka Late 645–710 CE · Yamato–Asuka with Tang Kaiyuan import
Asuka Tang-style painted round tomb (700 CE) at Takamatsuzuka — 23 m with Asuka bijin court ladies in Tang dress National Treasure.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom to Third Intermediate/Napatan (1200–750 BCE) · Egyptian colonial and Kushite (Napatan)
Napatan rock-cut cemetery 3 km south Jebel Barkal (1200–750 BCE), pyramids 4–6 m base, rock tombs.
🇮🇷 Iran · Pyramid
Middle Elamite (Kabnak period) · Elamite
Middle Elamite ziggurat-tomb of King Tepti-Ahar c.1470 BCE at Haft Tepe (Kabnak) — 33 m platform with 354 m vaulted royal tomb and 400-tablet archive.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom (viceregal Kush) to early Napatan · Egyptian / Kushite (Napatan)
Napatan pyramid cemetery 5 km N of Jebel Barkal — 20 tombs 1400–300 BCE with small steep pyramids 5–8 m bridging New Kingdom viceregal and Kushite Kush.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Ancient village
Neolithic to Pastoral Iron Age (3500 BCE–700 CE) · Nderit fisher/foragers → Early Pastoral Elmenteitan
Turkana megalithic cairn cemetery Lothagam — 3.5 ka pastoral monumental graves west of lake.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty, c.1890 BCE (Senwosret II / Sesostris II) · Ancient Egyptian (Senwosret II)
Pyramid of Senwosret II at Illahun (El-Lahun) desert edge Faiyum: 48 m high mudbrick pyramid (107 m base) with limestone casing, northern annex enclosure and 8 queen's pyramids (including Queen…
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Late 6th c CE Asuka transition · Late Kofun Yamato royal — Ikaruga Horyuji corridor
Fujinoki Kofun Ikaruga — late 6th c CE keyhole kofun (zenpo-koen 50×48 m, two-chamber) 300 m west Horyuji temple at Ikaruga, Nara basin NW, excavated 1985–88 by Kashihara Archaeological Institute…
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Early Intermediate – Middle Horizon (c.200 BCE–1000 CE) Wari – Wanka · Wari – Wanka
Wari Willka in Huari village 6 km south of Huancayo, Junín, is a Mantaro Valley Wari oracle temple at 3,250 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 3rd Dynasty, ~2630 BCE · Ancient Egyptian
Minor step pyramid on Elephantine Island, Aswan (c.2630 BCE), 18.46 m base, frontier marker.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Maurya 3 c. BCE → Sunga 2–1 c. BCE → Gupta 4–6 c. CE · Maurya → Sunga Buddhist (Ashokan sphere)
Four-stupa Mauryan–Sunga Buddhist hilltop complex (3 c. BCE–6 c. CE) on Vindhyan escarpment between Rewa and Prayag.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Late 7th–early 8th c CE (Asuka) · Asuka late Kofun court — shijin astronomical Daoist
Kitora Tumulus Nara — 7th–8th c CE late Kofun painted tomb (zenpo-koen remnant 13.8×9.8 m) on Abuyama hill at Asuka, Nara basin, National Treasure since 1983.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Formative Period (Cupisnique-Chavín / Manchay-Chavínoid, 1500–600 BCE, peak 1300–1000 BCE) · Chavínoid (Cupisnique/Chavín, Central Coast)
Chavínoid ceremonial center (Cupisnique-Chavín 1500–600 BCE, peak 1200 BCE) on north bank Rímac: U-shaped complex with central pyramid 85×60 m 25 m high in three construction phases, lateral…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom to early Kushite, c.1550-750 BCE (18th Dynasty onward) · Ancient Egyptian / Kushite
Tombos island and east bank cemetery at Tombos quarry 3rd Cataract: pyramidal tombs (8×8 m base) with chapels and shafts for Egyptian officials and Kushite successors (1400-750 BCE).
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Deccan Jorwe Chalcolithic 1400–1000 BCE → Megalithic 700 BCE–100 CE · Jorwe (Deccan Early Farming) → Megalithic–Vidarbha
Largest Jorwe urn cemetery (1400–1000 BCE) in Sangli — 42 burials with amputated legs and copper bangles under houses.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Late Preceramic (3500–1800 BCE, peak 2200–1800 BCE, Cotton Preceramic) · Late Preceramic (Chillon Valley, pre-Carral, Andean initial urbanism)
Largest Late Preceramic (3500–1800 BCE, peak 2200–2000 BCE) architectural complex on Central Coast: 14 structures (huacas) over 47–58 ha in Chillon Valley 2 km from Pacific.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Hellenistic 330 BCE → Mauryan 305–180 BCE → Indo-Greek 180–50 BCE → Kushan 50–350 CE · Hellenistic → Indo-Greek–Kushan–Roman Silk Road
Kushan Kapisa capital at Begram (600 BCE–400 CE) — 30 ha Alexandretta with Begram Treasure of 200 Roman glass ivories.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Napatan to Meroitic and Christian (680 BCE–500 CE) · Kushite (Napatan/Meroitic)
Kushite temple mound on Argo Island (Taharqa, 700 BCE), 75.6 m Amun temple, 15 m high mound.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Late 500–600 CE (Yamato Kinmei) · Yamato Late Kofun with Silla–Sassanian imports
Largest unlooted Late Kofun mound (560–590 CE) at Fujinoki west Horyu-ji — 48 m gilt-crown and Sassanian glass in stone corridor.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Meroitic, c.300 BCE–350 CE (Meroitic Kushite) · Kushite / Meroitic
Meroe North Cemetery at Begarawiya ridge north of Meroe city: 44 steep-sided Meroitic pyramids 8-15 m base, 10-20 m high, with pylon chapels, stelae and offering tables.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Middle–Late 400–600 CE (Kibi culture) · Kofun Kibi (Seto Inland-Kibi chiefdom)
Kibi keyhole tumulus (400–600 CE) at Teraji near Soja — 65 m yokoana corridor with Sue ware and Gaya bronze horse gear.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Late Asuka (Fujiwara) 694–710 CE · Asuka–Nara court (Tang-influenced)
23 m Asuka bijin mound (694–710 CE, 1972) — court women fresco, four beasts, sun–moon (National Treasure).
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Late Asuka 7th–8th c CE · Asuka court elite — naturalistic procession mural
Takamatsuzuka Tumulus Nara — 7th–8th c CE decorated kofun (stone chamber 2.65×1.0×1.13 m) on Asuka hill 500 m north Kitora, famous 1972 National Treasure discovery of Asuka court murals: west wall…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Middle Kingdom (12th Dynasty, Senwosret II 1897–1878 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian (12th Dynasty, Middle Kingdom)
Mudbrick pyramid of Senwosret II (12th Dynasty c.1897–1878 BCE) at El-Lahun: 106 m base, 48.65 m high today (originally higher), with limestone casing lower and mudbrick core with rock-cut framework…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, early 4th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Easternmost of three subsidiary queens pyramids lined north-south along the east flank of Khufu's Great Pyramid (4th Dynasty, c.2580 BCE).
