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Burial monuments and the things sent with the dead.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom — late 8th Dynasty / First Intermediate Period, c.2150 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (Khui)
Unfinished 146 m mudbrick pyramid of ephemeral king Khui at Dara (c.2150 BCE), largest provincial First Intermediate monument.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
late 3rd–early 4th Dynasty, c.2630 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (Huni/Sneferu)
Small step pyramid at extreme southern end of Elephantine Island, Aswan: 11.5 m base, three steps, now 5 m ruin of granite rubble and limestone casing traces.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Napatan–Meroitic (683 BCE–350 CE) with New Kingdom predecessor · Kushite (Napatan/Meroitic) with Egyptian Pharonic legacy
Napatan holy city of Gematen (Kawa) with Taharqa's Temple T (683 BCE) and pyramid cemetery.
🇵🇸 Palestine · Ancient city
Late Hasmonaean to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE Mount — Herodian peak 23 BCE–4 BCE) · Herodian (Judaean client of Rome) → Zealot → Roman → Bar Kokhba → Byzantine monastery
Herod's artificial volcano citadel with 350 m pool-garden and recently discovered royal mausoleum.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 6th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Largest and best-preserved of Pepi II's three queen pyramids at South Saqqara (6th Dynasty, late Old Kingdom), excavated by Gustav Jéquier 1926–32.
🇨🇳 China · Pyramid
Tang Dynasty (Gaozong + Wu Zetian reigns 649–705; tomb built 684–706) · Tang Chinese
Unique mountain tomb leveraging natural 1047 m limestone hill Liangshan as pyramidal mass (natural hill shaped then faced), topped no artificial pile but mountain tomb representing Chinese 'mountain…
🇮🇷 Iran · Tomb
Late Bronze Age I–II (c.1500–1000 BCE; peak 1300–1100 BCE) · Caspian highland Amarlou/Gilan local — Amardian? (pre-Median); strongly Iranian plateau but northern forest littoral
53-tomb Gilan gold necropolis with winged-bull rhyta and Marlik Gold Cup — Mycenae of the Caspian.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom, 18th–19th Dynasty, ~1345 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (Amarna and Ramesside)
Akhenaten fortified temple-town on Nile west bank (c.1345 BCE), 200×100 m fortress with Aten temple.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Middle–Late 350–550 CE (Northern Kyushu–Genkai) · Northern Kyushu Kofun (Genkai–Itoshima)
Genkai coast 55 m keyhole (350–550 CE) at Iwakura hill Fukuoka — corridor with Sue ware, iron armor and haniwa house model bridging Yayoi to Yamato.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 4th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Last royal tomb of the 4th Dynasty (c.2503–2498 BCE), built for Shepseskaf son of Menkaure, deliberately as gigantic mastaba (99.6x74.4 m, 18 m high) rather than true pyramid — a break in pyramid…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Kerma to New Kingdom (2000 BCE Egyptian colonial peak 1500–1070 BCE, reused Napatan 750 BCE) · Egyptian colonial (18th Dynasty) with Kerma-Nubian substrate
New Kingdom Egyptian temple-town on Sai Island (Thutmose III) with northern town fortified settlement, Egyptian temple for Amun (later Kushite), and associated small pyramids and shaft tombs in…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom to early Napatan, c.1200-750 BCE (Ramesside to 25th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian / Kushite
Hillat el-Arab cemetery 3 km south of Jebel Barkal at foot of holy mountain: tumuli, mastabas and small steep pyramids (6-8 m base) with painted chapels for Kushite elite 1200-750 BCE.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Early 4th Dynasty (Baka, son of Djedefre, c.2565 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian (4th Dynasty, Baka)
Huge unfinished pyramid of Baka (son of Djedefre, 4th Dynasty short reign c.2565 BCE) 200 m base planned (largest ever after Khufu), with enormous T-shaped trench shaft 21 m deep ×12 m square base,…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
late 3rd Dynasty, c.2650 BCE (Khaba) · Ancient Egyptian (Khaba)
Unfinished layer pyramid Z1 at Zawiyet el-Aryan between Giza and Abu Rawash: 84 m base, 5–7 layers intended, now 20 m high rubble mound of limestone with pink granite foundation.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 3rd–early 4th Dynasty (~2630 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian
Minor step pyramid 5.5 km SE of Abydos (c.2630 BCE), 12.7 m base, Huni's provincial network.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Middle Kingdom, late 12th Dynasty, ~1795 BCE · Ancient Egyptian
Southern Mazghuna pyramid, 400 m south of north (c.1795 BCE), 52.5 m base, Amenemhat IV candidate.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Meroitic (but Napatan tradition), c.700 BCE–300 CE · Kushite / Napatan
Sedeinga 2 km west of Soleb on desert ridge: ~80 small pyramids (6-8 m base, 7-10 m high) with chapels for Kushite Napatan queens, princesses and children.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
late 3rd–early 4th Dynasty, c.2680 BCE (Huni?) · Ancient Egyptian (Huni?)
Unfinished mound pyramid Lepsius I on Abu Rawash plateau north of Djedefre pyramid: enormous 215 m base, rock-cut foundation trench and core mound 19 m high, now limestone rubble hill.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Napatan / 25th Dynasty, c.850-650 BCE (early Kushite) · Kushite (Napatan, 25th Dynasty)
El-Kurru ridge 13 km south of Jebel Barkal: tumuli and pyramids of early Kushite kings (Tumulus 1 → Pyramid Ku1 Piye).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
5th Dynasty (Menkauhor, c.2420 BCE) or 10th Dynasty (Merikare, c.2050 BCE) — disputed · Ancient Egyptian (Old Kingdom Menkauhor or First Intermediate Merikare)
Ruined 5th or 10th Dynasty pyramid (Lepsius XXIX) 52 m base, now headless mound 7 m high with only limestone foundation and substructure intact.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 3rd Dynasty, ~2630 BCE · Ancient Egyptian
Minor step pyramid 5 km south of Edfu (c.2630 BCE), 21.65 m base, part of Huni network.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, ~1380 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (imperial Nubia) and Napatan
Largest Egyptian temple in Nubia (Amenhotep III, c.1380 BCE), 135 m long, with Napatan pyramid cemetery.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom, 1550-1070 BCE (Thutmose III–Ramesses II) · Ancient Egyptian
Sai Island northern town (Upper Nubia) on island mid-Nile between 2nd and 3rd Cataracts: Egyptian walled town 238×120 m with Amun temple (Thutmose III–Amenhotep II), governor's residence and…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 3rd – early 4th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Enormous unfinished 215 m base mudbrick mass at Abu Rawash — Lepsius I — late 3rd/early 4th Dynasty aborted true pyramid, oriented slightly off cardinal.
