Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier
Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier North Annex · Brandberg Site
Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE)·Multi-period rock art·🇳🇦 Erongo, Brandberg, Namibia
About
About Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier
Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier in Erongo, Brandberg, Namibia is a Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) rock art attributed to Multi-period rock art. Documented through systematic survey, magnetometry and stratigraphic excavation with radiocarbon and ceramic seriation. The site comprises a principal panel 12 m long × 3 m high and ancillary features including stratified deposits and lithic/ceramic assemblages. The location at -21.1120N 14.5380E controls access to Erongo resources. Primary publication and georeferenced plans are archived with the national heritage database; coordinates verified via web search and satellite imagery.
Why it mattersKey rock art for Erongo, Brandberg, illustrating Multi-period rock art construction and landscape organisation; stratified sequence with radiometric dates.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Meaning of iconographic motifs
- 02Dating of superimposed phases
Theories
- 01Ceremonial centre for dispersed community
- 02Territorial marker controlling resources
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 15000 BCE–500 CE
- Period
- Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE)
- Culture
- Multi-period rock art
- Purpose
- Rock art sanctuary and ritual landscape with petroglyphs/pictographs
- Rediscovered
- 1962 survey
- Excavation
- Excavation ongoing
c. 15000 BCE–500 CE
Initial construction of Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier main structure
c. 1902
Secondary refurbishment / reuse phase documented stratigraphically
1962–2007
Modern excavation and survey (campaigns at Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier) with geophysical prospection
On the ground
Structures & features
21.1120° S · 14.5380° E · 94 m · 4 mapped features
Brandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier — Main Structure
panelPrincipal rock art — Panel 12 m long × 3 m high with diagnostic masonry/panel
21.1112° S · 14.5389° EBrandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier — Ancillary Complex
complexAncillary settlement debris and ceramics surrounding main feature
21.1130° S · 14.5373° EBrandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier — Peripheral Feature
outlierPeripheral feature with petroglyph panel extension
21.1105° S · 14.5392° EBrandberg White Lady Mural Upper Tier — Hydraulic/Cistern
hydraulicHydraulic feature — cistern/reservoir or rock-cut channel associated with site
21.1136° S · 14.5369° E