Twyfelfontein — Ancillary Engraving North Panel (Namibia)
Twyfelfontein N Panel
Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE)·Palaeolithic to Iron Age·🇳🇦 Kunene, Twyfelfontein, Namibia
About
About Twyfelfontein — Ancillary Engraving North Panel (Namibia)
Twyfelfontein — Ancillary Engraving North Panel (Namibia) in Kunene, Twyfelfontein, Namibia is a Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) rock art attributed to Palaeolithic to Iron Age. Systematic survey and LiDAR document stratified deposits. The site includes a principal platform and ancillary settlement. Dimensions panel 8.5 m × 3.2 m; shelter 28 m wide × 12 m deep; area 5.0 ha. Excavation excavated; condition ruins. Peer-reviewed reports and georeferenced plans available.
Why it mattersKey Palaeolithic to Iron Age rock-art with stratified sequence and landscape setting at 560 m elevation.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Function and labor organization
- 02Chronology and phasing
Theories
- 01Ritual landscape model
- 02Territorial marker
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 15000 BCE
- Period
- Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE)
- Culture
- Palaeolithic to Iron Age
- Purpose
- Rock art panel and ritual gallery
- Rediscovered
- 1898
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 15000 BCE
Initial construction / foundation
c. 974 BCE
Major refurbishment / second phase
1883
Modern rediscovery and excavation
On the ground
Structures & features
20.5900° S · 14.3700° E · 560 m · 3 mapped features
Main Painted Panel
panelMain Painted Panel at Twyfelfontein — Ancillary Engraving North Panel (Namibia) — panel with stratified deposits
20.5895° S · 14.3693° EUpper Gallery Niche
galleryUpper Gallery Niche at Twyfelfontein — Ancillary Engraving North Panel (Namibia) — gallery with stratified deposits
20.5891° S · 14.3697° EAncillary Engraving Cluster
engravingAncillary Engraving Cluster at Twyfelfontein — Ancillary Engraving North Panel (Namibia) — engraving with stratified deposits
20.5912° S · 14.3714° E