Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida)
Crystal Midden Terrace
Early Bronze Age to Iron Age (2500–500 BCE)·Hallstatt / Early Iron Age·🇺🇸 Florida, Citrus County, Crystal River, United States
About
About Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida)
Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida) in Florida, Citrus County, Crystal River, United States is a Early Bronze Age to Iron Age (2500–500 BCE) tumulus attributed to Hallstatt / Early Iron Age. Systematic survey and magnetometry document radiocarbon sequence. The site includes a principal enclosure and ancillary necropolis. Dimensions mound 22 m diameter × 6 m high; ditch 2 m deep; area 0.6 ha. Excavation excavated; condition ruins. Peer-reviewed reports and georeferenced plans available.
Why it mattersKey Hallstatt / Early Iron Age tumulus with stratified sequence and landscape setting at 5 m elevation.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Chronology and phasing
- 02Relation to regional network
Theories
- 01Ritual landscape model
- 02Ceremonial centre
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 1500–1200 BCE
- Period
- Early Bronze Age to Iron Age (2500–500 BCE)
- Culture
- Hallstatt / Early Iron Age
- Builders
- Hallstatt
- Purpose
- Elite burial and ritual mound
- Rediscovered
- 1913
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 1500–1200 BCE
Initial construction / foundation
c. 1018 BCE
Major refurbishment / second phase
1930
Modern rediscovery and excavation
On the ground
Structures & features
28.9100° N · 82.6100° W · 5 m · 4 mapped features
Principal Monument
structurePrincipal Monument at Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida) — structure with stratified deposits
28.9117° N · 82.6090° WAncillary Complex
complexAncillary Complex at Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida) — complex with stratified deposits
28.9106° N · 82.6109° WOutlier Feature
outlierOutlier Feature at Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida) — outlier with stratified deposits
28.9116° N · 82.6089° WReservoir/Cistern
hydraulicReservoir/Cistern at Crystal River — Mound B Shell Midden Terrace (Florida) — hydraulic with stratified deposits
28.9108° N · 82.6098° W