Esna — Khnum Temple Hypostyle North Column (Esna)
Esna Column N
Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE)·Old–New Kingdom Egyptian·🇪🇬 Luxor, Esna, Khnum Temple, Egypt
About
About Esna — Khnum Temple Hypostyle North Column (Esna)
Esna — Khnum Temple Hypostyle North Column (Esna) in Luxor, Esna, Khnum Temple, Egypt is a Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) temple complex attributed to Old–New Kingdom Egyptian. Systematic survey and coring document radiocarbon sequence. The site includes a principal citadel and domestic quarter. Dimensions temple 32 m × 18 m; court 45 m × 30 m; area 26.6 ha. Excavation excavated; condition submerged. Peer-reviewed reports and georeferenced plans available.
Why it mattersKey Old–New Kingdom Egyptian temple-complex with stratified sequence and landscape setting at 75 m elevation.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Construction technique
- 02Relation to regional network
Theories
- 01Ritual landscape model
- 02Territorial marker
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 2600 BCE
- Period
- Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE)
- Culture
- Old–New Kingdom Egyptian
- Purpose
- Temple and sanctuary complex
- Rediscovered
- 1907
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 2600 BCE
Initial construction / foundation
c. 1094 BCE
Major refurbishment / second phase
1944
Antiquarian record, modern excavation from 1960s
On the ground
Structures & features
25.3000° N · 32.5500° E · 75 m · 3 mapped features
Main Temple Cella
cellaMain Temple Cella at Esna — Khnum Temple Hypostyle North Column (Esna) — cella with stratified deposits
25.2991° N · 32.5523° ENorth Court Ancillary
courtNorth Court Ancillary at Esna — Khnum Temple Hypostyle North Column (Esna) — court with stratified deposits
25.2992° N · 32.5506° EPylon Gate
pylonPylon Gate at Esna — Khnum Temple Hypostyle North Column (Esna) — pylon with stratified deposits
25.2995° N · 32.5477° E