🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
İnandıktepe
Old Hittite to Empire (1650–1200 BCE) · Hittite (Hattic substrate)
Old Hittite cult terrace that produced the four-register Inandik vase (acrobats and goddess).
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Xochitecatl
Formative–Epiclassic 800 BCE–950 CE · Apizaco / Tlaxcala tradition (Central Highlands)
Fertility hilltop with Flower Pyramid: 2000 female figurines, spindle whorls and needle offerings on spiral pyramid.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Girsu
Early Dynastic to Ur III (c.3500–2000 BCE; peak Lagash 2500–2144 BCE) · Sumerian Lagash (ÉNSI rulers: Ur-Nanshe, Eannatum, Enmetena, Gudea)
Girsu (modern Tello/Telloh) is the sacred city of Lagash state — first Sumerian city ever excavated (1877) yielding Gudea diorite statues, Gudea cylinders (worl...
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Lachish
Neolithic to Persian (c.5000–400 BCE; peak Judah fortress 900–586 BCE) · Canaanite → Judahite fortress → Assyrian → Persian
Tel Lachish is the great Judahite fortress-city (second after Jerusalem), famed for 701 BCE Sennacherib siege ramp — Assyrian reliefs at Nineveh show Lachish ba...
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Yayahuala — Tula Grande Residential Zone
Epiclassic–Early Postclassic Tollan 900–1150 CE · Toltec (Tollan)
Tula elite barrio palace 50×40 m with temazcal and maguey ovens linked by causeway to Burned Palace.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Hasanlu
Bronze to Iron Age (c.3000 BCE–600 BCE; peak Hasanlu IV 1100–800 BCE) · Giyan → Hasanlu IV (Mannaean/Urartian sphere) → Urartian
Hasanlu is the great Iron Age walled city south of Lake Urmia — Hasanlu IV (1100–800 BCE) citadel with columned halls, ivory workshop, and violent destruction b...
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient city
Visby City Walls and Medieval Defences
High Middle Ages (c.1150–1400 CE) · Gotlandic Hanseatic / Medieval Scandinavian
3.4 km medieval ring wall encircling Hanseatic Visby, best preserved in Scandinavia, built 13th–14th c. limestone with 27 towers, gate towers and caponier.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
San José Mogote
Early–Middle Formative 1500–500 BCE (Rosario phase) · Zapotec (Mogote phase)
Earliest Zapotec urban precursor with Monument 3 captive blood glyph, earliest Oaxacan writing 600 BCE.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Caddo Mounds State Historic Site
Caddoan Mississippian 800–1300 CE (Early Caddo) · Caddoan (Hasinai)
Southernmost Caddoan Mississippian center with three mounds, plaza and El Camino trace.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Priene Bouleuterion Temple — Athena Precinct Council Sanctuary
Hellenistic (350–150 BCE) with Roman annex · Milesian-Ionian Prieneans under Alexander patron
Council sanctuary with 640-seat Bouleuterion and Augustus calendar stoa 40 m from Athena temple.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Nagarjunakonda
Satavahana to Ikshvaku Late Andhra 200 BCE–400 CE · Ikshvaku / Mahayana Buddhist
Vast Ikshvaku dynasty capital and Buddhist university city (c.200–400 CE) on Krishna River, 30+ Buddhist monasteries with 9 mahastupas, Brahminical temples and Europe's largest collection of early…
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Tell
Gonur Depe
BMAC Bronze Age (c.2500–1500 BCE; peak Margiana 2400–1600 BCE) · Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC/Oxus civilization)
Gonur Depe is the 55-ha capital of the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC/Oxus civilization, c.2400–1600 BCE) in Karakum — fortified palace-citadel,...
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Dainzú
Late Formative–Early Classic 600 BCE–200 CE · Zapotec (Dainzú phase)
Zapotec ballplayer gallery: 47 helmed player reliefs with trophy heads and jaguar deities on Building A.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Aswan First Cataract — Unfinished Obelisk Quarry Canal
New Kingdom to British (1470 BCE – 1902 CE) · Egyptian New Kingdom with British Aswan regulation
Quarry slipway and basin 150 m to float 42 m Unfinished Obelisk and blocks to Nile.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Deir Alla
Late Bronze to Islamic (c.1600 BCE–1400 CE; peak Iron 1200–760 BCE, Balaam c.800) · LB Canaanite → Iron Ammon/Gilead → Persian → Hellenistic
Deir Alla in Jordan Valley is famed for 1967 Balaam inscription — plaster wall with earliest Aramaic/Hebrew prophetic text 'Balaam son of Beor, seer of the gods...
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Aphek
EB to Ottoman (c.3500 BCE–1917 CE; peak Canaanite–Philistine–Herod 3000 BCE–74 CE) · Canaanite → Philistine → Israelite → Philistine → Hellenistic → Herodian (Antipatris)
Tel Aphek (Herodian Antipatris) guards the Yarkon springs — Via Maris bottleneck, famous as Philistine camp before Saul's defeat (1 Sam 4) and Herod's Antipatri...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Girnavaz
Early Bronze Age to Iron Age (c.3000–600 BCE) · Hurrian → Mittanian → Neo-Assyrian
Nusaybin palatial tell 13 m high (Mitanni–Assyrian palace, Nuzi ware, tablets) on Tigris watershed.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Khafajah
Late Uruk to Old Babylonian (c.3400–1700 BCE; peak Early Dynastic) · Uruk → Jemdet Nasr → Early Dynastic (Akkadian/Sumerian Diyala) → Akkadian → Old Babylonian/Eshnunna
Diyala Sequence key town with 10-phase Sin Temple and Samsuiluna earthquake horizon.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Lambityeco
Classic Xoo 600–850 CE · Zapotec (Xoo phase, Late Classic)
Xoo-phase Zapotec salt palace with Cocijo friezes and tell de sal 140 m salt workshop for Monte Albán tribute.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Sapinuwa
Hittite Empire (c.1600–1200 BCE; peak Sapinuwa 1500–1200 BCE as second capital) · Hittite (Old → Empire)
Sapinuwa (Ortaköy, Çorum) is the Hittite Empire's second capital and military–religious administration — Building A with 3000+ Hittite cuneiform tablets (larges...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Labraunda Zeus Temple — Karian Sanctuary of Zeus Labraundos
Hekatomnid to Roman (351 BCE – 300 CE) · Hekatomnid Karian to Roman Mylasa
Mountain Zeus sanctuary 680 m with Maussollian androns on sacred way from Milas.
🇵🇸 Palestine · Tell
Tell el-Farah North
Neolithic to Iron Age (c.7000–700 BCE; peak Israelite Tirzah 1000–800 BCE) · Neolithic → Chalcolithic → EB → Israelite (Tirzah, capital to 800) → Assyrian
Tell el-Farah (North) in Tirzah valley (likely biblical Tirzah, capital of Northern Israel before Samaria) with Neolithic village (Lodian) through EB, Middle Br...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Kültepe-Kanesh
EB to Roman (c.3000 BCE–200 CE; karum 2100–1700 BCE, 22k tablets) · Anatolian → Old Assyrian karum (kārum) → Hittite Kanesh
Kültepe is ancient Kanesh/Nesa — the Assyrian merchant colony (karum) with 22,000 Old Assyrian cuneiform tablets (largest OB archive) documenting bronze–silver...
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Notion Necropolis-Agora — Apollo Claros Necropolis Grid
Archaic to Roman (700 BCE – 300 CE) · Aeolian to Ionian Notians
Necropolis-agora with painted tombs and Apollo sacred way 600 m from temple.