🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Shortugai
Mature Harappan (c.2500–1800 BCE) · Harappan colony (Indus diaspora on Oxus)
Northernmost Harappan colony on Oxus (Darqad) — lapis procurement hub 250 km from Badakhshan mines.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Tell Jokha
Early Dynastic to Old Babylonian (c.3500–1750 BCE; peak Umma 2600–2004 BCE) · Sumerian (Umma) → Akkadian → Ur III → Isin-Larsa
Tell Jokha is ancient Umma, fierce rival of Lagash (Girsu) in Early Dynastic border wars — Stele of Vultures (Eannatum c.2450 BCE) and the Umma–Lagash Gu'edena...
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Kanmer (Bakarkot)
Early to Late Harappan (c.3000–1700 BCE, five phases) · Harappan (Sindhi–Kachchhi)
Harappan island fort Bakarkot in eastern Kachchh — five-phase Harappan–medieval citadel.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kurganzol Fortress
Hellenistic Greco-Bactrian (c.3rd–2nd cent BCE) · Greco-Bactrian
Greco-Bactrian hilltop watch-post visually linked to Uzundara — frontier limes above Kugitang valley.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Teotenango
Epiclassic–Postclassic 900–1521 CE · Matlatzinca (Otomanguean)
Volcano-plug fortified Matlatzinca capital with 2 km perimeter wall, jaguar relief and Aztec barracks 1474.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Alişar Höyük Lower Terrace
Chalcolithic to Byzantine (4000 BCE–1200 CE; peak EBA–Phrygian) · EBA → Hittite → Phrygian → Lydian → Byzantine
Central Anatolian plateau capital lower town — Hittite karum to Phrygian burn.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Ceys Channel — Jerash (Gerasa) Hadrianic Water Conduit
Roman Hadrianic (129 – 130 CE) with Byzantine reuse · Roman Gerasene Gerasa Decapolis under Hadrian
9 km Hadrianic Ceys Channel 130 CE to Gerasa reservoir above Cardo at 610 m.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Thala (Plateau Fortress)
Numidian to Byzantine (2nd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman / Byzantine
High-plateau Jugurthine citadel (1,017 m) with Byzantine pentagon fort.
🇬🇷 Greece · Archaeological wonder
Dwarka Gomati Submerged Wall East
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Dwarka Gomati Submerged Wall East in Pavlopetri Coast, Greece is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) archaeological wonder attributed to Classical culture.
🇹🇭 Thailand · Temple complex
Prasat Muang Singh
Khmer Bayon (late 12th–early 13th century CE, Jayavarman VII) · Khmer (westernmost Khmer outpost)
Westernmost Khmer laterite sanctuary (late 12th cent, Jayavarman VII) — 'City of Lions' on Khwae Noi 43 km west of Kanchanaburi.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Ancient city
San Isidro — Muisne? Actually Cerro Jaboncillo — Manteño City
Integration (800–1532 CE) · Manteño (Manta) culture
San Isidro — Muisne? Actually Cerro Jaboncillo — Manteño City in Manabí Province, Ecuador is a Integration (800–1532 CE) ancient-city attributed to Manteño (Manta) culture.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Aquae Calidae (Hammam Righa)
Roman (Augustan to Byzantine, 27 BCE–7th c. CE) · Mauretanian / Roman
Sulphur spa city with 8-pool bath complex and mansio hotel.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Iasos Agora Temple — Kıyıköy Fishing Harbour Sanctuary
Archaic to Roman (700 BCE – 400 CE) · Karian–Ionian Iasians with Athenian attachment
Harbour hill temple atop agora overlooking double harbours and garum vats.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Machu Picchu Outlier Terrace
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Machu Picchu Outlier Terrace in Colorado Plateau, United States is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Nessana — Byzantine Church Annex Papyri
Nabataean–Byzantine (100 BCE–636 CE) papyri archive · Nabataean then Byzantine (Nessana)
Nessana — Byzantine Church Annex Papyri in Southern District, Israel is a Nabataean–Byzantine (100 BCE–636 CE) papyri archive ancient-city attributed to Nabataean then Byzantine (Nessana).
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Mundigak
Chalcolithic to Bronze Age (c.4000–2000 BCE, Helmand Culture) · Helmand / Mundigak–Shahr-i Sokhta
Helmand Culture capital 55 km NW of Kandahar — 75×32 m Bronze Age palace with 10 m sequence.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Yayno — Huari Fortified City
Middle Horizon / Early Intermediate (400–800 CE) · Recuay / Wari influenced
Yayno — Huari Fortified City in Ancash Region, Peru is a Middle Horizon / Early Intermediate (400–800 CE) ancient-city attributed to Recuay / Wari influenced. Largest fort in Americas?
🇮🇳 India · Archaeological wonder
Atlit Yam Well Extension North — Dwarka Coast (Dwarka)
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Bronze Age
Atlit Yam Well Extension North in Dwarka Coast, India is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) archaeological wonder attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Fortress
Katsina Hillfort of Dutsin Ma
Medieval Hausa to Sokoto period (13th–19th c. CE) · Hausa (Katsina)
Granite inselberg hillfort south of Katsina with rock gongs.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Samsat Höyük (Samosata)
Chalcolithic to Ottoman (peak Neo-Hittite to Roman) · Kura-Araxes → Neo-Hittite → Achaemenid → Commagenean → Roman
Capital mound of Commagene (Samosata) on a Euphrates meander, now island in Atatürk Reservoir. Pre-dam excavations revea...
🇮🇱 Israel · Archaeological wonder
Yonaguni Terrace Extension South
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Iron Age
Yonaguni Terrace Extension South in Atlit Coast, Israel is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) archaeological wonder attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Archaeological wonder
Atlit Yam Well Extension North — Lycia Coast (Kaş)
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Medieval
Atlit Yam Well Extension North in Lycia Coast, Turkey is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) archaeological wonder attributed to Medieval culture.
🇮🇹 Italy · Archaeological wonder
Bass Strait Drowned Midden South — Pozzuoli Bay (Naples)
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Medieval
Bass Strait Drowned Midden South in Pozzuoli Bay, Italy is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) archaeological wonder attributed to Medieval culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Didyma Eastern Temenos — Apollo Temple Sacred Precinct
Archaic to Roman (600 BCE – 250 CE) · Milesian Greek to Hellenistic Seleucid to Roman
Eastern hypaethral adyton with sacred spring and stadium of Branchidae oracle.