🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Lluta Mid-Valley Geoglyphs (Molinos – Rosario Sector)
Late Intermediate (Cabza) · Lluta–Azapa agriculturalists
Mid-Lluta terrace geoglyphs between Poconchile and Molinos: 27 figures on fluvial benches below Alto Ramírez.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Shishkino Petroglyphs — Upper Lena Pillars Rock Art
Neolithic to Iron Age · Isakovo, Serovo, Kitoi, Glazkovo, Kurumchin
Upper Lena 3.5-km sandstone pillars with 2000 Neolithic–Iron elk, boats and shaman-horses, Okladnikov's type site.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Al-Thula Desert Kite Field (Jubbah Basin – Ha'il)
Neolithic humid phase (Holocene) · Jubbah lake-shore hunters
Jubbah paleolake-marginal kites: 16 funnels at Umm Sanman piedmont below UNESCO rock-art cliffs.
🇵🇪 Peru · Hypothetical site
Gran Paititi — Pusharo Lagoon Mesa Plateau North (Madre de Dios Plateau North)
Hypothetical Inka Late Horizon to Refuge · Hypothetical Inka mega-city
Hypothetical northern mesa plateau of Gran Paititi — 3 km natural sandstone outliers as pyramids.
🇱🇻 Latvia · Ancient city
Grobiņa
Migration → Vendel → Viking Age 650–850 (Curonian–Scandinavian) · Curonian Baltic + Gotlandic–Swedish Vendel–Viking (Seeburg)
Grobiņa (Grobin/Seeburg, Cur. *Gruobins*) — Curonian–Gotlandic–Swedish emporium (c.650–850, Great Migration → Viking Age) on Ālande River 8 km east Liepāja, South Courland, largest Scandinavian…
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Tumulus
Gol Mod 2 Xiongnu Royal Necropolis
Early Iron Age, Xiongnu (Hunnu) Empire period · Xiongnu (Hunnu) imperial confederacy
80×80 m trapezoidal Xiongnu royal mausoleum (1st c. BCE) with Han lacquer and 400 satellite shaft tombs.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Baykara Kurgan
Early Iron Age Early Saka 670 BCE plus Sarmatian reuse · Early Saka western + Sarmatian intrusive
110-m giant Early Saka kurgan (670 BCE) at Baykara on Tobol terrace, westernmost Saka royal mound with Sarmatian reuse.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Earthwork
Dumat al-Jandal Mustatil Field
Neolithic (pottery Neolithic, 5000 BCE) · Late Neolithic Arabian pastoralists
70 mustatil rectangles (5000–3500 BCE)—communal cattle-cult enclosures on the Jowf plain.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Eleke Sazy Royal Kurgan
Early Iron Age, Early Saka 8th-5th c. BCE · Early Saka Tarbagatai
680 BCE Early Saka golden warrior kurgan (4,300 golds) in ranked 280-mound cemetery at Eleke Sazy, Tarbagatai.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Qanat of Gonabad (Qasabeh Qanat)
Iron Age to Sassanian (Achaemenid to late antiquity) · Persian (Achaemenid–Sassanian) hydraulicians
Oldest functioning qanat 33 km, 360-m mother well, Achaemenid c.700 BCE, 150 L/s Persian Qanat UNESCO.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Qanat-e Zarch – Longest Qanat in Iran
Achaemenid to present (2,500 years continuous) · Persian qanat engineers (Achaemenid, Sassanian, Safavid)
71-km Zarch qanat—longest gravity aquifer tunnel on Earth (500 BCE–Safavid).
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Alto Ramírez Geoglyphs (Lluta Valley)
Formative to Middle Horizon (Alto Ramírez to Cabuza-Tiwanaku) · Alto Ramírez / Cabuza / Tiwanaku valley interface
50+ Alto Ramírez–Cabuza hillside figures (800 BCE–1000 CE) in Lluta Valley Precordillera.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Archaeological wonder
Beaghmore-Ockan Bog Trackways (Tyrone, Sperrins)
Bronze Age to Early Iron Age · Sperrin Bronze Age (Beaghmore)
Blanket bog causey cluster (85 m asl, 54°22′48″N 06°57′00″W 54.38,-6.95) access routes to Beaghmore stone circles (Bronze Age 2000 BCE alignment seven) across Ockan Bog (sometimes transcribed…
🇸🇾 Syria · Earthwork
Harraat al-Harra Desert Kites
Neolithic to Chalcolithic, Badia Neolithic · Harra Neolithic hunters
34 basalt kite traps (4800-3200 BCE) on Harraat al-Harra plateau SE of Damascus, northwestern anchor of mega-kite province.
🇮🇳 India · Archaeological wonder
Heliodorus Pillar
Late Sunga (Indo-Greek–Sunga contact) c.125–75 BCE · Indo-Greek (Taxila) → Sunga (Vidisha)
Indo-Greek Garuda pillar 113 BCE — Heliodorus dedication to Vasudeva (earliest Greek Hindu inscription).
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Huasco East Ridge Geoglyphs (Eastern Ignimbrite Spur)
Formative to Late Intermediate (Tarapacá 400 BCE–1400 CE) · Tarapacá caravan (Alto Ramírez–Pica)
East-ridge geoglyphs 1.8 km east of Salar de Huasco: 22 ignimbrite figures including caravan llamas and solstice avenue at 3,835 m.
🇫🇷 France · Hydraulic works
La Coudraie Canalized Salt Marsh & Bri Production Site (Vendée Iron Age)
Iron Age (Hallstatt–La Tène) to early Gallo-Roman · Vendée maritime salt artisans (Armorican → Picton maritime)
Atlantic salt-marsh canal network (2.4 km, 2-4 m wide) feeding 180 evaporation pans producing 30 t sea salt/yr (Iron Age).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Rock art
Sarmishsay Gorge Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Iron Age (Kelteminar to Yaz-I) · Kelteminar, Zamanbaba, Andronovo and Bactria-Margiana pastoralists
Karatau gorge with 10,000 petroglyphs 5000–1000 BCE, Uzbekistan's largest rock-art ensemble.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Ojiyana
Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic 3000–1500 BCE · Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic (Mewar)
Middle–Late Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic village (c.3000–1500 BCE) in Bhilwara district, Mewar Plain — 4 ha mound at Ojiyana, 30 km southwest of Bhilwara on the Banas tributary system, excavated 1999–2003…
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Vitor Valley Pampa Geoglyphs (Corire–La Cano Sector)
Sihuas–Wari to Late Intermediate · Vitor–Sihuas valley people
Vitor pampa geoglyphs between Arequipa and Majes: 21 etched figures with radial avenues to spring wetland.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Earthwork
Jibal al-Khashabiyeh Kites
Late Neolithic to Chalcolithic · Eastern Badia Neolithic pastoral-hunters
16 interlinked limestone kite traps (5000-3500 BCE) forming 1.2-km chain blocking wadi mouths on Jibal al-Khashabiyeh.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Lingqu Canal North Section — Xing'an Qincheng Cut and Pound Lock
Qin (Warring States unification) · Qin Central, Bashu, Baiyue
Xing'an Xiang north 70% vs Lingqu south 30% divide with Huazui spillway and 36 pound locks, 219 BCE Shi Lu Qin.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Sadd el-Kafara – Wadi Garawi Old Kingdom Dam
Early Old Kingdom (Djoser–Sneferu) · Old Kingdom Egyptians (Memphite)
World's oldest dam (2650 BCE)—110-m Old Kingdom embankment diverting Wadi Garawi floods.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Shilikty Satellite Kurgan 8 (Chilikty Golden Ridge Extension)
Early Saka (Arzhan–Chilikty phase) · Early Saka Chilikty group
Satellite retainer mound 4 km from Shilikty Golden Kurgan: 28-m kromlekh with Arzhan-style panther gold.