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🇺🇦 Ukraine · Tumulus
Scythian Late Classical (4th c BCE, Philip II horizon) · Pontic Scythian (kingdom of Ateas / Late Scythian)
20-m, 110-m largest Pontic kurgan (350–325 BCE) — 80 Greek amphorae and gold gorytos, king Ateas candidate.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Tumulus
Scythian Late Classical (4th c BCE) · Pontic Scythian (Scythian–Bosporan elite, 4th c BCE)
350 BCE composite kurgan with 1,150-g solid gold Scythian pectoral — queen's unrobbed catacomb at Pokrov-Nikopol.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Kurgan
Early Iron Age (Scythian Classic Royal) · Royal Scythian (Pontic Scythia)
Iconic Royal Scythian kurhan (45 m asl, 47°19′34″N 34°20′21″E 47.3269,34.3392 12 km southeast of Bol'shaia Znamenka, Vasil'evka Raion) excavated by Veselovski 1912-13 under 18 m high mound (4th-mill.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Chalcolithic, Trypillia BII Cucuteni A-B · Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
3850 BCE 450-ha burnt-house proto-city—6,000 inhabitants, Europe's largest Chalcolithic settlement.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Tumulus
Scythian Classical (4th c BCE, Scytho-Greek contact) · Pontic Scythian (Scythian–Bosporan Greek elite network)
18-m Pontic Scythian royal hill-mound (430–400 BCE) with Greek-Scythian gold comb and 1.4-kg queen diadem.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Chalcolithic Cucuteni-Trypillia B1–B2 (c.4100–3700 BCE) · Cucuteni-Trypillia (Western Trypillia, Tomashivka group)
Dobrovody (Dobrovodi) — Cucuteni-Trypillia BI mega-site (c.4100–3700 BCE, 150–250 ha, 700+ houses, up to 16,200 estimated inhabitants per 2014 research) west of Dobrovody village, Cherkasy, on loess…
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Trypillia C1 · Cucuteni-Trypillia
Largest Cucuteni-Trypillia mega-site (c.3900–3600 BCE, 200 ha mapped core but estimates to 450 ha, perhaps 46,000 houses phases, peak 12–15k inhabitants), direct neighbour to Talianki forming…
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Trypillia B2–C1 · Cucuteni-Trypillia
Cucuteni-Trypillia mega-site (approx 4100–3600 BCE, 260–300 ha, 1,000+ mapped houses) renowned for the burnt temple mega-structure (60×20 m, 1,200 m²) with seven altars, painted vessels, and a clay…
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Trypillia C1 (Cucuteni B2) · Cucuteni-Trypillia (Trypillia mega-site phenomenon)
Cucuteni-Trypillia mega-settlement (c.3850–3700 BCE, 450 ha, perhaps 15,000 inhabitants) — largest city in Europe at that time, larger than Uruk contemporary — with concentric burnt houses (2,700…
