🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Marib Dam East Wadi Dhana Barrage
Sabaean to Himyarite · Kingdom of Saba (Sabaean South Arabian) then Himyar
480-m east rockfill barrage of Great Marib Dam at Balaq Hills gap.
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The catalogue
9,978 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Heraclean Greek / Bosporan
Eastern bay harbour of Tauric Chersonesos in Sandy Bay — 110 m quay at –1.8 m and twin ship-shed ramps.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Heraclean Greek / Bosporan
Eastern bay harbour of Tauric Chersonesos in Sandy Bay — 110 m quay at –1.8 m and twin ship-shed ramps.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Early to Middle Bronze (2500–1800 BCE; peak 2400–2200 BCE) · Jiroft / Kerman Bronze Age (Proto-Elamite derived, Halil Rud)
Jiroft twin citadels — 21 m windowed fortress and chlorite workshop centre of Marhashi.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Submerged site
Ghana to Almoravid (c. 500–1200 CE) · Soninke Ghana / Almoravid / Wagadu
Ghana Empire caravan harbour 300×200 m dune-sealed at Kumbi Saleh – moated stone town 15 ha.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Vakataka–Gupta (250–550 CE) · Vakataka (Deccan) – Gupta contemporaneous
Vakataka–Gupta palace city (5th–6th c)—38×38 m palace, Shiva–Vishnu temple, 170×40 m dammed reservoir at Nagpur.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sabaean to Himyarite · Kingdom of Saba (Sabaean South Arabian) then Himyar
480-m east rockfill barrage of Great Marib Dam at Balaq Hills gap.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Natufian to Byzantine (c. 10000 BCE – 749 CE) · Natufian / Chalcolithic / Canaanite / Hellenistic Decapolis / Roman / Byzantine
Decapolis wadi harbour city – revetment 30 m at –1 m in Wadi Jirm below escarpment terraces.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Roman Imperial (42–64 Claudian, 103–113 Trajan) · Roman Claudian/Trajanic
Rome's 234-ha Claudian outer moles and 32-ha Trajan hexagonal inner basin — outer moles now lagoonal –1 to –2 m in Maccarese wetland.
🇮🇳 India · Pyramid
Chalcolithic to Early Harappan (3800–2600 BCE, Siswal A–B) · Siswal culture (Hakra–Sothi horizon)
Siswal Mound — Haryana Saraswati in Haryana, Hisar District, Chautang (Saraswati tributary) bank (Siswal type-site), India is a Chalcolithic to Early Harappan (3800–2600 BCE, Siswal A–B)…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Iron Age to Early Modern (1000 BCE – 18th c. CE) · Saka (Scythian), Wusun, Turkic, Oirat-Dzungar Tibetan Buddhist
Ili granite cliff with 1677 Tibetan Bodhisattvas and Saka-Turkic palimpsest.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Numidian to Early Islamic (2nd c BCE–9th c CE; peak 2nd–4th c) · Numidian / Roman / Byzantine / Early Islamic
90-ha Augustan veteran colonia with half-buried 16,000-seat amphitheatre and Zaghouan-fed baths.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Late Bronze to Turkic Early Medieval · Northern Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei
Central ridge above Dahekou gorge bridging Yinshan naturalism and Helan mask styles.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Iron Age to Roman (c.600 BCE–100 CE) · Atlantic Castro (Gallaeci, Celtic)
Castro de Baroña (Iron Age c.600 BCE–100 CE, with 1st c. BCE–CE stone phase) is a spectacular Atlantic castro on a rocky isthmus peninsula cut off by a 50-m isthmus ditch, its 20+ round stone houses…
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Legend 8th c. Visigothic bishops flight + 1539–42 contact episode · Iberian medieval + Zuni (Ashiwii) + Coronado Spanish
Fray Marcos's 1539 'streets of turquoise' at Zuni – Coronado found adobe Hawikuh, no gold.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Middle Bronze Age to Late Antiquity (c.1800 BCE–300 CE), peak Assyrian 800–600 BCE · Mitanni → Middle/Neo-Assyrian → Parthian
Lower Khabur Assyrian capital 55 ha (600 tablets, Red House archive, canal) 70 km NE Deir ez-Zor.
🇿🇲 Zambia · Rock art
Lower Paleolithic to Iron Age (Acheulean to Iron) · Acheulean → Sangoan/Lupemban → Magosian → Iron Age
221-m Kalambo waterfall with 476,000-year-old notched-log structure — earliest wood building.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Pyramid
Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE, coastal Harappan) · Harappan (coastal port, Makran–Lasbela network)
Kot Bala Mound — Lasbela Balochistan in Balochistan, Lasbela District, Phor valley near coast (Harappan port), Pakistan is a Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE, coastal Harappan) pyramid/mound site…
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Numidian to Byzantine (8th c BCE-10th c CE; peak 2nd-3rd c CE) · Numidian / Punic / Roman / Byzantine
Highland city with dolmens and schola.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Ancient village
Middle Stone Age to Later Stone Age to Pastoral Neolithic · MSA → LSA foragers → Pastoral Neolithic
130-ka Eyasi rockshelter Mumba with 18 burials and Still Bay to LSA microlith transition.
🇺🇦 Ukraine / Russia (disputed) · Ancient city
Milesian Greek to Late Roman (600 BCE – 370 CE; Byzantine reoccup. 6th c.) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan Scythian / Mithridatic Pontic / Roman
Bosporan Kingdom capital on Mount Mithridat — acropolis above with harbour terraces now 1–3 m under Kerch Strait.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Middle Kingdom, late Twelfth Dynasty (c.1900 BCE, Fayum expansion period) · Ancient Egyptian (Middle Kingdom)
Qasr el-Sagha is the isolated, unfinished limestone temple on the barren plateau north of the Fayum depression, first described by Georg Schweinfurth 1884 and fully planned by German excavators.
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Early Bronze to Old Babylonian (2600–1726 BCE) · North Mesopotamian (Akkadian provincial, Old Assyrian)
Tell Leilan — Shekhna Mound Khabur in Al-Hasakah Governorate, Khabur Triangle (ancient Shekhna/Shubat-Enlil), Syria is a Early Bronze to Old Babylonian (2600–1726 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed…
🇱🇹 Lithuania · Hillfort
Late Iron Age Curonian (5th–13th c) Viking Age horizon 853 · Curonian (Baltic Western) — Rimbert's Apulia
Apuolė (Apulia) — Curonian hillfort (5th–13th c, florescence 850s, attacked 853 by Vikings per Rimbert's Vita Ansgarii) on Luoba tributary, Skuodas District, oldest Lithuanian settlement mentioned in…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Submerged site
Portolan phantom (1325–1450) · Catalan–Italian cartography
Southern Brasil rock phantom at 51°N 16°W – second Brasil duplication south of Hy-Brasil, Porcupine plain.
