🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Nuri Pyramids
Old Kingdom · Kushite
Royal pyramids of Napatan kings at Nuri (c.664–310 BCE), 20 pyramids incl. Taharqa Nu 1 (51 m base, 40 m high, largest Nubian).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Buhen Fortress
Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom (1950–1070 BCE; fort peak 1860 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian occupier of Nubia (Wawat)
Second Cataract fortress Buhen — Sesostris III's 5-m bastioned walls now 40 m under Nasser.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Debeira — Pyramidal Tombs of the Nubian C-Group
C-Group, Classic Kerma, New Kingdom, Meroitic–Medieval · Nubian C-Group to Christian Nubian
Double cemetery across Nile at Debeira East (Sudan) and West, excavated by Scandinavian Joint Expedition and Adams (1961–64) before High Dam.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Jebel Barkal Pyramid Field — Kushite Necropolis
Meroitic, c.300 BCE–350 CE · Kushite / Meroitic
Jebel Barkal north necropolis at foot of holy mountain's pinnacle rock: 11 pyramids (Bar.1-20, 10-15 m base, 70° steep) with chapels for Meroitic kings and queens who retained Napatan sacred…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Pyramids of Nuri
Napatan / Kushite · Kushite
Burial place of Napatan kings (c.664–310 BCE) including pyramid of Taharqa (52 m base, tallest Nubian), across Nile from Jebel Barkal holy mountain.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sedeinga Pyramids
Kushite Napatan to Meroitic (500 BCE–350 CE; peak 250 BCE–100 CE) · Kushite (Napatan → Meroitic)
Largest Kushite pyramid cemetery west of Nile near Second Cataract: ~80 pyramids (densest Meroitic cemetery) and 200+ tombs, discovered by Lepsius 1844 and re-excavated by Vincent Francigny…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sai Island Pyramid Field
Kerma to New Kingdom (2000 BCE Egyptian colonial peak 1500–1070 BCE, reused Napatan 750 BCE) · Egyptian colonial (18th Dynasty) with Kerma-Nubian substrate
New Kingdom Egyptian temple-town on Sai Island (Thutmose III) with northern town fortified settlement, Egyptian temple for Amun (later Kushite), and associated small pyramids and shaft tombs in…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Uronarti Fortress — Island Fort of Senwosret III (Second Cataract)
Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Dramatic triangular mudbrick island fortress (c.1850 BCE) perched on rocky islet midstream of the formerly turbulent Second Cataract, complementing Semna system.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Askut Island Fortress
Middle Kingdom to X-Group (1860–500 BCE peak 1850 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian occupier
Mid-Nile island kite-fort Askut guarding Second Cataract channel.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Faras Mound — Cathedral and Town
Meroitic to Christian Nubian, Ottoman · Meroitic, Nobadian, Makurian Christian
Mound of Faras (Pachoras), twin to Qasr Ibrim as source of largest Christian Nubian frescoes corpus — 169 frescoes cut from cathedral walls by Polish mission of Kazimierz Michałowski (1961–64) before…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Kawa Temple T (Taharqo Sanctuary)
New Kingdom founder (Amenhotep III c.1380 BCE) revived 25th Dynasty Taharqo 690 BCE to Meroitic · Kushite (Napatan 25th Dynasty, Taharqo) Egyptianised
Large Kushite temple complex on east bank north of Dongola plain, with Temple T (Taharqo, 690 BCE, 40×30 m sandstone pylon), Temple A (Amenhotep III) and extensive town with pyramidal tombs south.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Kawa Temple T — Taharqo Sanctuary
New Kingdom to Meroitic, 1550 BCE–400 CE (major Taharqo 680 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian / Kushite (Taharqo, 25th Dynasty)
Kawa (ancient Gem-aten) on east bank between 3rd-4th Cataracts: Taharqo's massive Temple T (Amun) 40×80 m with 12-column hypostyle, built over Tutankhamun shrine (reused talatat).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sedeinga Queens Pyramid Field
Napatan period (700–300 BCE, peak 600–400 BCE queens field) · Kushite (Napatan, Egyptianised queens of 25th Dynasty)
Napatan queens' necropolis (700–300 BCE) with 35 steep sandstone pyramids 6–10 m base, 12 m high with eastern chapel and descendry to pillared burial chamber, for 25th Dynasty queens and Kushite…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Soleb Temple and Pyramid Field
New Kingdom (Amenhotep III, 1391–1353 BCE) with Napatan reuse 750 BCE · Egyptian New Kingdom (18th Dynasty, Amenhotep III) Nubian frontier
Festival temple of Amenhotep III (1400 BCE, Nebmaatre) at Soleb on west bank, 55×25 m sandstone pylon temple dedicated to Amun and deified king, with sphinx avenue to Nile and satellite…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Jebel Barkal Pyramid Necropolis
Napatan period (750–300 BCE, peak 700–500 BCE) temples from New Kingdom 1500 BCE · Kushite (Napatan, Amun priests of Barkal)
Pyramid field at sacred mountain Jebel Barkal (Napata capital, 750–300 BCE): ~30 pyramids 10–15 m base clustered at north, west, south groups around 98 m mesa with pinnacle.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sai Island Pyramid & Temple Complex
Kerma Classic to Napatan (2500–300 BCE) · Kerma / Egyptian / Kushite
Strategic Nile island town with Kerma tumuli and Napatan small pyramids — Egyptian fortress-temple city 1550 BCE on 12 km Sai Island between 2nd–3rd cataracts.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Buhen Fortress — Great Walled Town
Old Kingdom precursors; Middle Kingdom–New Kingdom · Ancient Egyptian
Southernmost bastion of Egyptian 12th Dynasty canal road, first founded as Old Kingdom copper smelting settlement (2500 BCE) then rebuilt by Senusret I and massively expanded by Senusret III as…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Dokki Gel Sacred City — Kerma South
Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom, c.2500-1500 BCE (Kerma–Egyptian) · Kerma (Kushite)
Dokki Gel sacred city 1 km south of Kerma (Ancient Dukki Gel): massive ceremonial city of Classic Kerma kingdom (2500-1500 BCE) with four successive cruciform palatial enclosures, each 100×100 m,…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Dokki Gel — Sacred City of Kerma (Doukki Gel)
Kerma to New Kingdom (2000–1100 BCE) · Kerma / Egyptian syncretic
Separate walled ceremonial city 400x200 m discovered 700 m north of Kerma's Western Deffufa, revealing sub-Saharan African architecture (oval huts, timber palisades and 20 round temples) alongside…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Kerma (Dukki Gel) – Kushite Metropolis
Kerma Ancien to Late (c.2500–1500 BCE; Napatan reuse 900 BCE) · Kerma culture (Nubian / Sudanese) – precursors to Kush/Napata/Meroe
2500 BCE Nubian capital with 19 m Deffufa temple and tumuli – first sub-Saharan city, excavated 1977–.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Dokki Gel Sacred City at Kerma South
Early Kerma to Classic Kerma (Ancient Kerma 2500 BCE to Classic 1700 BCE, peak 2000–1500 BCE) · Kerma culture (Nubian, pre-Kushite)
Completely buried sacred city 1.5 km south of Kerma Western Deffufa, discovered by Bonnet-Honegger Swiss mission 2003 with magnetometry: 250×200 m oval enclosure with palisade, ditch, and 13…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
El-Kurru Royal Pyramid Field — Napata
Napatan / 25th Dynasty, c.850-650 BCE (early Kushite) · Kushite (Napatan, 25th Dynasty)
El-Kurru ridge 13 km south of Jebel Barkal: tumuli and pyramids of early Kushite kings (Tumulus 1 → Pyramid Ku1 Piye).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Kawa Temple T & Pyramidal Tombs (Gematen)
Egyptian New Kingdom extraction to Kushite Napatan/Meroitic · Kushite (25th Dynasty / Napatan / Meroitic)
Kushite holy city at Kawa (Gematen) — Temple T of Taharqa c.683 BCE plus hundreds of small sandstone pyramids 3–7 m for Meroitic elite 700 BCE–400 CE.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Mirgissa Fortress — Egyptian Middle Kingdom
Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty–New Kingdom · Ancient Egyptian (fortified settlement)
Greatest of Middle Kingdom Nubian forts, originally named Iken, built by Senusret III at narrow Second Cataract gorge on west bank, comprising a massive outer fortress enclosing harbour and an inner…