🇪🇸 Spain · Submerged site
Empúries (Emporion) – Greek–Roman Double Harbour
Archaic to Late Roman (575 BCE – 500 CE) · Phocaean Greek / Indiketan / Roman
Phocaean double harbour – Greek quay at –0.5 m off Neapolis and silted Riells basin, L'Escala.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Buried city
Elaia – Harbour of Pergamon on the Aeolian Coast
Classical to Byzantine (400 BCE – 1200 CE) · Aeolian Greek / Attalid Pergamene / Roman / Byzantine
Attalid royal harbour — 400 m closed basin 26 km from Pergamon, silted 2nd c. CE as Bakırçay delta prograded; magnetic walls at −1 m.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Velia (Elea) – Phocaean Harbour at Ascea
Archaic to Roman (c. 540 BCE – 400 CE) · Phocaean Greek / Lucanian / Roman
Phocaean silted harbour now 1 km inland – buried ashlar mole and ship-sheds under 3 m alluvium at Ascea.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Seleucia Pieria – Harbour of Antioch at Samandağ
Hellenistic to Byzantine (300 BCE – 600 CE) · Seleucid / Roman / Byzantine
Antioch's silted harbour basin 600×400 m now meadow at Çevlik with 1.4 km Roman flood tunnel.
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Korkai – Early Pandyan Drowned Port, Tuticorin
Early Historic Sangam (c. 600 BCE – 1000 CE) · Early Pandyan / Sangam Tamil
Early Pandyan pearl harbour 8 km inland silted – beacon mound and salt-pan wharf under pasture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Ephesus Harbour – Silted Kaystros Harbour
Ionian to Byzantine (10th c. BCE – 600 CE) · Ionian Greek / Lydian / Roman
Silted imperial harbour 600×300 m now 5 km inland – quay walls buried 4 m, Selçuk.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Submerged site
Mantai – Anuradhapura's Submerged Port, Mahatittha
Iron Age to Portuguese (c. 800 BCE – 1500 CE) · Anuradhapuran / Indo-Roman / Islamic
Anuradhapura's lagoon harbour – jetty at –1 m off Mantai dunes and silted basin under mangrove.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Antiochia ad Maeandrum – Silted Maeander Harbour at Kuyucak
Seleucid to Byzantine (c. 280 BCE – 1200 CE) · Seleucid Greek / Carian / Byzantine
Maeander river harbour 18 km inland – quay buried 5 m at Kuyucak plain.