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CategoriesSubmerged sites
Harbours, towns and monuments now beneath the sea or a lake.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Roman (6th c. BCE – 5th c. CE naustathmos) · Greek Cyrenean / Roman
Cyrenaica northern tip storm harbour — twin 120 m moles at 2 m depth on Ras al-Hamama cape refuge.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Classical to Roman (c.400 BCE – 240 CE) · Sindian Greek / Bosporan
Sindian port turned Bosporan city under Anapa — 40 ha grid with harbour quarter 1–2.5 m submerged off beach, museum in city centre.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Minoan to Late Roman (Bronze Age – 2nd c. CE) · Minoan / Dorian Greek / Hellenistic / Roman
Dorian Cretan harbour city subsided by 2nd c. quake — walls now snorkelable in 1–3 m off Elounda causeway.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Byzantine (c.580 BCE – 300 CE) · Greek / Bosporan
Bosporan grain port at Eltegen cape — lower harbour terrace 1–4 m submerged 200 m offshore in Kerch Strait.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Submerged site
Punic to Byzantine (8th c. BCE – 7th c. CE) · Phoenician / Carthaginian / Roman
Caesar battle harbour — kilometer-long curving mole now 1–4 m offshore on Bekalta promontory.
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Submerged site
Thracian to Ottoman (6th c. BCE – 1453+) · Thracian / Megarian Greek / Roman / Byzantine / Bulgarian / Ottoman
610 BCE Megarian peninsula city whose western fortifications now lie 4 m underwater.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Classical to Medieval (422 BCE – 14th c. CE) · Doric Greek / Bosporan / Roman / Byzantine / Kievan Rus' orbit
422 BCE Doric Black Sea polis whose harbour quarter now lies under Quarantine Bay.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Archaic to Genoese (c. 700 BCE – 1300 CE) · Aeolian Greek / Genoese
Aeolian shipyard harbour – 90 m quay at –1 m at Çandarlı.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Bronze Age to Byzantine (peak Lycian League 168 BCE–43 CE and Hadrianic) · Lycian → Hellenistic → Roman → Byzantine
Lycian federal port with 1st-century parliament hall, buried Nero lighthouse and harbour silted 1 km inland.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Archaeological wonder
Tiwanaku to Inca (~500–1532 CE; Inca reef 1400–1532 CE) · Tiwanaku and Inca
At 3,810 m – the world's highest navigable lake – divers from Atahuallpa 2000 and recent Belgian–Bolivian teams mapped an underwater reef off the Khoa beach of the Island of the Sun retaining Inca…
🇬🇪 Georgia · Submerged site
Colchian Iron Age to Byzantine (6th c. BCE – 6th c. CE) · Colchian / Milesian Greek
Royal Colchian Aeëtes' capital — ashlar quay –2 to –5 m under modern Poti port fill at Rioni mouth.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Archaeological wonder
Iron Age (~800 BCE – 100 CE; Oakbank 460 BCE – 200 BCE) · Atlantic Scottish Iron Age (Caledonian)
One of 18 Iron Age timber islets in Loch Tay, Oakbank comprises a 30-m oak pile ring with horizontal alder floors still preserved 2 m deep in cold waterlogged peat.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Submerged site
Punic to Late Antique (6th c. BCE – 6th c. CE) · Punic / Caesarian Roman
Caesar's 46 BCE supply port opposite Thapsus — Punic mole slabs now under Monastir fishing lagoon at –1 to –2 m.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Archaic Greek to Byzantine (560 BCE – 1453 CE) · Megarian Greek / Heraclean tyranny / Mithridatic
560 BCE Megarian tyrant harbour — 220 m ashlar mole now –1 to –4 m under Ereğli coal pier off Acheron cave.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Hellenistic to Early Byzantine (200 BCE – 650 CE) · Hellenistic Greek / Roman / Early Byzantine
Roman coastal roadstead on Cyprus — 120 m mole rubble and ballast piles 1–3 m off Pyla beach.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Late Roman (1180 BCE Enkomi-Salamis – 648 CE Arab sack) · Teucrid Greek / Cypriot / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman
Salamis Cypriot kingdom — 10 ha walled city whose 500 m mole at Pediaeus mouth now 1–2 m under Famagusta Bay.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Archaic Greek to Late Antique (700 BCE – 5th c. CE) · Syracusan Greek / Sicilian Sicel
700 BCE Syracusan colony at Vendicari lagoon — quay slabs and fish tanks half in sea at –0.5 to –3 m behind 3.5 km walls.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Medieval (c.580 BCE – 10th c.) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan / Sarmatian
590 BCE neighbour to Phanagoria whose harbour quarter is now under Taman Bay.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient port
Numidian to Late Antique (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian (Masaesyli) / Roman (Mauretania)
Syphax's harbour with 200 m submerged rubble mole and purple middens.
EG · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 6th c. CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian / Indian Ocean
Ptolemaic elephant port turned Indo-Roman pepper emporium — lagoon harbour behind coral reef now silted 1 m on Foul Bay.
EG · Submerged site
Ptolemaic precursor? Then Augustan to Roman (26 BCE – 3rd c. CE; Ayyubid reuse 11th–13th) · Roman Egyptian / Indo-Roman
Augustan Red Sea short-cut harbour — lagoon 800 m behind reef at Quseir, silted 1 m, abandoned 3rd c. for southern Berenike.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Classical to Hellenistic (5th–3rd BCE harbour) · Classical Greek / Halieian
Verified – Halieis Porto Cheli Classical harbour 5 m down, Tiryns Mycenaean port successor. American School Halieis 1965 Jameson excavated submerged town walls, mole 150 m at 4–6 m due to Argolic…
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Archaic to Classical (733 BCE – 354 BCE Philip sack) · Eretrian Greek / Methonean
Verified – Methone Thermaic Gulf earliest Greek alphabetic harbour (Methone Pieria Eretrian colony 733 BCE) with archaic harbour mole 200 m at 2–3 m due to Thermaic silt?
GR · Submerged site
Early Bronze to Mycenaean (3200–1100 BCE harbour) · Early Helladic / Minoanizing / Mycenaean
Early Bronze Saronic harbour — Kolonna fortified town whose mole now 2 m under Aegina Bay.
