🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Sakka
Early Bronze Age III–IV (c.2600–2000 BCE) · Southern Syria EB (Ghouta palace culture)
Ghouta EB palace 8 ha (c.2600–2000 BCE, wall paintings, double enceinte) 18 km SE Damascus.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient city
Complex of Hue Monuments
Nguyen dynasty 1802–1945 · Vietnamese (Kinh) Nguyen
Nguyen dynasty capital (1802–1945) and last imperial city of Vietnam inside 10 km vauban-style citadel (Kinh Thanh, 1804–1832, 2.5×2.5 km square with 4 m thick bastioned walls copied from French…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Dholavira — North Gate West Flanking Tower (Kutch)
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Dholavira — North Gate West Flanking Tower (Kutch) in Gujarat, Kutch, Dholavira, India is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attribut…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Nalanda — Monastery 6 Ancillary Courtyard
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Nalanda — Monastery 6 Ancillary Courtyard in Bihar, Nalanda, Nalanda Mahavihara, India is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attribut…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Rajgir Ancient City
Vedic–Magadhan to Mauryan 1000–185 BCE; Buddhist pilgrimage continuous · Magadhan / Buddhist / Jain
First capital of Magadha (c.1000 BCE–c.400 BCE) nestled in ring of five hills, both Older (Bimbisara's Rajagriha) and New Rajgir enclosed by 40 km cyclopean rubble walls up to 8 m thick — India's…
🇵🇸 Palestine · Ancient city
Samaria
Iron Age capital to Crusader · Israelite → Assyrian → Herodian
Hilltop capital of Kingdom of Israel after 880 BCE (Omri bought hill from Shemer for 2 talents silver — 1 Kings 16:24) with Israelite palatial ivories (Samaria Ivories, Louvre) and Ostraca warehoused…
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Uxmal — Nunnery Quadrangle North Building Mosaic Patio (Yucatán)
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban; Maya
Uxmal — Nunnery Quadrangle North Building Mosaic Patio (Yucatán) in Yucatán, Uxmal, Mexico is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attr…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Van Fortress and Tushpa — Capital of Urartu
Urartian Kingdom (9th–6th century BCE; later Urartian–Median–Achaemenid–Ottoman) · Urartian (Biainili) → Median → Achaemenid → Ottoman
Urartu's 100 m limestone citadel over Lake Van with royal rock-tombs and Xerxes trilingual.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Kalaa of Beni Hammad — Hammadid Fortified City
Islamic Hammadid (1007–1152 CE) · Berber Hammadid / Zirid
Kalaa (Qal'a) of Beni Hammad is the 1007 CE Hammadid capital 1418 m in Hodna mountains, UNESCO 102.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Soba East — Medieval Capital of Alodia
Christian Nubian Alodia (680–1504 CE) · Nubian Alodian Christian (Greek/Coptic)
Soba East is the 275 ha medieval capital of Christian Alodia (Alwa, 680–1504 CE) 15 km S of Khartoum at Blue Nile–White Nile confluence.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Ancient city
Ancient City of Tor Llyn
Late Bronze Age (1550–1050 BCE) · Late Bronze Age
Ancient City of Tor Llyn in Oruro, Bolivia is a Late Bronze Age (1550–1050 BCE) ancient city attributed to Late Bronze Age culture.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Ancient city
Harlaa — Workshop Quarter North Furnace (Harar)
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Harlaa — Workshop Quarter North Furnace (Harar) in Harari, Harlaa, Ethiopia is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Bronz…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Ancient city
Taraz Ancient City Site
Western Turkic Khaganate to Karakhanid–Qara Khitai · Sogdian / Turkic / Karakhanid
Core Silk Road city at Talas River on northern branch, flourishing 6th–12th c. as capital of Turkic Kaganate and later Karakhanid.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Leilan — Acropolis Lower Town Gate
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Tell Leilan — Acropolis Lower Town Gate in Al-Hasakah, Tell Leilan, Syria is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Bronze …
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Mozan (Urkesh)
Early Bronze to Mitanni (Hurrian Urkesh) · Hurrian
Hurrian capital Urkesh (c.3000–1350 BCE) attributed to the god Kumarbi, with monumental Royal Palace of Tupkish (c.2250 BCE) and underground stone Abi (nekromanteion — pit to summon underworld…
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Blood Run Site
Late Prehistoric Oneota (Blood Run phase 1500–1700 CE) · Oneota (ancestors Dakota-Ioway)
Largest Oneota town 1500–1700: 76 mounds and boulder enclosure, 6,000 residents on Big Sioux.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Emar
Bronze Age (c.2000–1187 BCE), peak Late Bronze 1500–1187 BCE · Amorite → Mittanian → Hittite viceregal
Euphrates LB city 10 ha (1200 tablets, Baal/Astarte twin temples) on Lake Assad shore.
🇬🇪 Georgia · Submerged site
Phasis – Colchian Capital Port at Poti
Colchian Iron Age to Byzantine (6th c. BCE – 6th c. CE) · Colchian / Milesian Greek
Royal Colchian Aeëtes' capital — ashlar quay –2 to –5 m under modern Poti port fill at Rioni mouth.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Qasr al-Hallabat — Mosaic Floor North Hall
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Qasr al-Hallabat — Mosaic Floor North Hall in Zarqa, Qasr al-Hallabat, Jordan is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Bro…
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Tell Umm al-Marra
Early Bronze Age III–IV (c.2700–2000 BCE) · Syrian EBA (Ebla–Marra corridor)
Jabbul EB walled town 20 ha (c.2700–2000 BCE, shaft tombs with equid teams, gold jewellery).
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Zilis (Asilah)
Mauretanian to Late Roman (4th c BCE–7th c CE; peak 1st–3rd c CE) · Mauri / Phoenician / Roman
Augustan Atlantic colonia Zilis (Asilah) with purple-dye garum ceti.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Archaeological wonder
Gordion – Phrygian Capital
Early Phrygian Iron Age (~1200–700 BCE; Midas tumulus ~740 BCE) · Phrygian (Balkan–Anatolian)
Phrygian capital at the Sangarius bend where Rodney Young's Penn excavations revealed a burnt 800 BCE citadel with polished pebble mosaics – the oldest known – and the great Tumulus MM: 53-m high and…
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient city
Idanre Hills — Oke Idanre Cultural Landscape
Late Ife to Yoruba Oyo-Benin (1100–1928) · Yoruba Idanre (Udane)
Idanre Hills (Oke Idanre) is the hilltop abandoned Yoruba city 680 m above sea on Inselberg 3 km N of Idanre town, occupied 11th–1928 c.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Mactaris (Makthar) – Numidian-Roman City
Numidian / Roman (Hellenistic to Late Antique) · Numidian / Punic / Roman
Numidian–Roman hill city with neo-Punic mausoleum, dolmens and Trajan's arch.