🇾🇪 Yemen · Submerged site
Shabwa – Hadramawt Incense Harbour, Yemen
Qatabanian to Himyarite (c. 700 BCE – 400 CE) · Hadrami South Arabian / Himyarite
Incense road river harbour 200 m silted in Wadi Hadramawt – warehouses sealed 4th c. Himyar sack.
🇫🇷 France · Submerged site
Ys (Ker-Is) – Drowned Breton City
Legendary 5th c. (Gradlon of Cornouaille) – folklore recorded 19th c. · Breton / Cornish Celtic Christian syncretism (Dahut as pagan vs Christian)
Gradlon's sluice-gated city in Douarnenez Bay — daughter Dahut drowns it opening gates at high tide.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Uluburun Late Bronze Age Shipwreck
Late Bronze Age (14th c. BCE, c. 1320±15 BCE) · Canaanite/Cypriot/Mycenaean international (hull possibly Levantine)
1320 BCE merchantman off Grand Cape — 10 t copper, tin and exotic cargo revealing Bronze Age world-system.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Ephesus Harbour – Silted Kaystros Harbour
Ionian to Byzantine (10th c. BCE – 600 CE) · Ionian Greek / Lydian / Roman
Silted imperial harbour 600×300 m now 5 km inland – quay walls buried 4 m, Selçuk.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Tocra (Taucheira) – Cyrenaican Submerged Port
Archaic Greek to Fatimid (620 BCE – 10th c. CE) · Greek Cyrenean / Roman / Byzantine
Cyrenaican grain port founded 620 BCE — ashlar quay and slipways now reef-submerged with Justinian fortress above.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Stryme – Thasian Harbour on the Thracian Coast, Abdera
Archaic to Classical (680–350 BCE) · Thasian Greek / Thracian
Thasian colony 7th c. BCE at Nestos mouth — twin 90 m moles at −4 m in lagoon disputed by Thasos and Maroneia (Herodotus).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Amastris (Amasra) – Submerged Double Harbour Moles of Sesamos
Archaic to Genoese (c. 600 BCE – 1460 CE) · Paphlagonian / Persian / Hellenistic (Amastris) / Roman / Byzantine / Genoese
Queen Amastris's twin-bay double harbour – western mole 80 m at –2.5 m and eastern mole 60 m at –3 m.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Koroni (Pteleos) – Thessalian Harbour Submerged in Pteleatic Gulf
Archaic to Hellenistic (c. 600 – 200 BCE) · Thessalian / Boeotian / Athenian / Hellenistic
Thessalian Pteleatic harbour – 35 m Classical mole at –2 m off Koroni cape.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Thmuis (Tell el-Timai) – Submerged Mendesian Canal Port
Late Dynastic to Arab (c. 600 BCE – 640 CE) · Egyptian / Persian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Mendesian Nile canal port – quay 120 m and grain horrea at –0.5 m on migrated Mendesian branch.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Aigosthena – Fortified Harbour of Megaris, Porto Germeno
Classical to Medieval (370 BCE – 1500 CE) · Megarian / Boeotian / Hellenistic
Megarian border fort — 18 m SE tower with original roof above 60 m mole at −2 m guarding Kithairon pass.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Apollonia–Arsuf – Crusader Harbour Submerged Quays
Persian to Crusader (c. 530 BCE – 1265 CE) · Phoenician / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman / Crusader
Clifftop Crusader port whose Roman quay and kurkar mole now lie 1–3 m down along Apollonia cliffs.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Tion (Tios / Tieion) – Submerged Milesian Mole on Filyos River
Archaic to Byzantine (c. 600 BCE – 800 CE) · Milesian Greek / Paphlagonian / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman
Milesian Black Sea mole – 40 m ashlar river-sea mole at –2.5 m off Filyos delta.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Submerged site
Cantre'r Gwaelod (Lowland Hundred) – Welsh Sunken Land
Legendary 6th c. (Gwyddno) / literary 13th–15th c. · Welsh Celtic / Cumbric
16 villages west of Wales — dyke-keeper Seithenyn's drunken neglect floods lowland; causeways are glacial moraines.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Pero-nakhet (Abu Billah) – Delta Emporion of the Canopic Coast
Bronze Age to Hellenistic (1570 – 300 BCE) · Hyksos / New Kingdom Egyptian / Late Period
15th c. BCE Thutmose III naval arsenal town on Canopic delta sandbar — quay now –1.5 to –3 m under Idku lagoon fish farms.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Submerged site
Mantai – Anuradhapura's Submerged Port, Mahatittha
Iron Age to Portuguese (c. 800 BCE – 1500 CE) · Anuradhapuran / Indo-Roman / Islamic
Anuradhapura's lagoon harbour – jetty at –1 m off Mantai dunes and silted basin under mangrove.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Myos Hormos — Mangrove Lagoon Harbour at Marsa Nakari (Aphrodite Port)
Ptolemaic to Roman (c.280 BCE – 150 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Myos Hormos system southern mangrove lagoon at Marsa Nakari — 0.5–1.5 m mangrove-enclosed harbour 18 km south of Marsa Alam, Nechesia hypothesis.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Chersonesos — Pesochnaya Bay Submerged Quay (Tauric Chersonesos East)
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Heraclean Greek / Bosporan
Eastern bay harbour of Tauric Chersonesos in Sandy Bay — 110 m quay at –1.8 m and twin ship-shed ramps.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Chersonesos — Pesochnaya Bay Submerged Quay (Tauric Chersonesos East) — v2
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Heraclean Greek / Bosporan
Eastern bay harbour of Tauric Chersonesos in Sandy Bay — 110 m quay at –1.8 m and twin ship-shed ramps.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Submerged site
Kumbi Saleh – Ghana Empire Harbour City, Mauritania
Ghana to Almoravid (c. 500–1200 CE) · Soninke Ghana / Almoravid / Wagadu
Ghana Empire caravan harbour 300×200 m dune-sealed at Kumbi Saleh – moated stone town 15 ha.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Portus Claudius & Trajan's Hexagon – Imperial Harbour Basins of Claudius and Trajan
Roman Imperial (42–64 Claudian, 103–113 Trajan) · Roman Claudian/Trajanic
Rome's 234-ha Claudian outer moles and 32-ha Trajan hexagonal inner basin — outer moles now lagoonal –1 to –2 m in Maccarese wetland.
🇺🇦 Ukraine / Russia (disputed) · Ancient city
Panticapaeum – Bosporan Acropolis on Mount Mithridat
Milesian Greek to Late Roman (600 BCE – 370 CE; Byzantine reoccup. 6th c.) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan Scythian / Mithridatic Pontic / Roman
Bosporan Kingdom capital on Mount Mithridat — acropolis above with harbour terraces now 1–3 m under Kerch Strait.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Submerged site
Brasil Island (Second Brasil) – Phantom South of Hy-Brasil
Portolan phantom (1325–1450) · Catalan–Italian cartography
Southern Brasil rock phantom at 51°N 16°W – second Brasil duplication south of Hy-Brasil, Porcupine plain.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Chersonesos Taurica — Quarantine Bay Western Harbour Submerged
Archaic to Late Medieval (c.528 BCE – 1399 CE) · Megarian Greek / Byzantine
Megarian Black Sea polis UNESCO — western Quarantine Bay harbour and street grid now 1–3 m submerged at Sevastopol.
🇬🇪 Georgia · Submerged site
Pichvnari – Colchian Submerged Settlement near Kobuleti
Colchian Early Iron to Hellenistic (c. 6th – 2nd c. BCE) · Colchian / East Greek Milesian
Colchian dunes village and Greek emporion — timber quay –1 to –3 m in surf and 300-grave cemetery 120 m reclaimed by sea since 5th c. BCE.