🇳🇬 Nigeria · Rock art
Yankari Rock Shelters
Late Stone Age to Iron Age (4000 BCE–1500 CE) · Nok-related / Hausa
National park shelters with 12 iron furnaces and Shira rock paintings.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Aquae Regiae
Numidian to Byzantine (2nd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman
Hot-spring road station with bath complex and Byzantine granary fort.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Ganj Dareh
Aceramic to Pottery Neolithic (c.8000–7500 BCE; cluster horizon) · Zagros PPN cluster (Ganj Dareh variant)
Harsin satellite PPN hamlet (8000 BCE) 2 km west of classic Ganj Dareh.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Qannas
Early Bronze to Middle Bronze (c.3000–1500 BCE) · EB Euphrates urban → Middle Bronze Amorite
Euphrates terrace walled city (3000–1500 BCE) in Hadidi bend, now under Lake Assad.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Gadiaufala
Numidian to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman
Hilltop municipium with cyclopean walls and Augustan arch.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Pyramids of Meroë
Meroitic Kingdom · Kushite / Meroitic
Royal cemetery of Kushite Kingdom of Meroë (300 BCE–350 CE) with ~200 steep Nubian pyramids, smaller and narrower than Egyptian, with offering chapels decorated with Egyptian-Kushite reliefs.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Caral-Supe Pyramids
Late Archaic / Norte Chico · Caral-Supe / Norte Chico
Oldest city in Americas and largest Late Archaic New World pyramids (c.2600 BCE) – six truncated earthen pyramids with sunken plazas, residential sectors and early quipu and flutes in Supe Valley,…
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Ebla (Tell Mardikh) (Idlib Governorate)
Early Bronze Age to Iron Age · Eblaite (Semitic)
Ebla (Tell Mardikh) in Idlib Governorate, Syria is a Early Bronze Age to Iron Age ancient city attributed to Eblaite (Semitic) culture.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Tipasa of Mauretania – Coastal Basilicas
Punic (6th c BCE) – Roman – Christian (5th c CE) · Punic / Mauretanian / Roman
Coastal UNESCO port with Punic necropolis (6th c BCE tophet), Roman forum, theatre, and two Christian basilicas (Salsa martyr shrine) on promontory with offshore islet. Numidian–Ma...
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Atlit-Yam
PPNB (6900–6300 BCE) · PPNB Neolithic
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B mega-village (6900–6300 BCE) submerged 300–400 m offshore after post-glacial sea rise, with stone wall 150 m, paved well 5.5 m deep (earliest seawall and well), megalithic…
🇱🇾 Libya · Hydraulic works
Cinyps Bridge (Wadi Ka'am)
Roman (Hadrianic, 2nd c. CE) · Roman (Tripolitania)
Three-arched Roman bridge (15 m spans) on Leptis coastal road.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Thonis-Heracleion
Late Period to Byzantine (6th c BCE – 8th c CE) · Egyptian / Greek
Legendary port of entry to Egypt before Alexandria, submerged after earthquake/liquefaction 6th–8th century CE, rediscovered 2000 by Franck Goddio (IEASM) with stele of Nectanebo I, temples of…
🇨🇳 China · Pyramid
Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor & Terracotta Army
Qin Dynasty · Qin / Han-precursor
Unopened earthen pyramid mound of Qin Shi Huang (259–210 BCE) with 600 pits, ~8000 terracotta warriors, chariots, weapons protecting subterranean bronze palace described by Sima Qian with mercury…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Newgrange
Neolithic · Irish Middle Neolithic (Boyne Valley)
Grand passage tomb in the Bend of the Boyne with 85 m diameter cairn, decorated kerbstones and cruciform chamber. Famous for winter solstice sunrise illuminating chamber through roof-box.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Mohammed Diyab
Halaf to Islamic (c.5900 BCE–1200 CE) · Halaf-Ubaid → Ninevite 5 → Mitanni → Assyrian
Jazira tell (8 ha, 12 m high) on the Jaghjagh, French excavations by Jean-Marie Castel. Sequence Ninevite 5 to Islamic w...
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Theveste (Tébessa) – Legionary Colonia
Berber / Roman / Byzantine · Roman / Berber
Veteran colony of Legio III Augusta controlling Hauts Plateaux–Aurès corridor. Tetrapylon Arch of Caracalla (214 CE), amphitheatre, basilica of St Crispina (76 m) with catacombs, Byzantine walls with…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Woodhenge & Durrington Walls
Late Neolithic · Grooved Ware
Timber-circle henge (Woodhenge, 6 rings, 168 posts) and Durrington Walls super-henge (500 m diameter, 17 ha, 2 entrances, largest henge in Britain) – contemporary settlement of Stonehenge builders…
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Barnenez Passage Mound
Neolithic (earliest) · Armorican Early Neolithic
Barnenez Passage Mound in Brittany, Finistère, France is a Neolithic (earliest) megalithic attributed to Armorican Early Neolithic culture.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Thelepte (Feriana / Medinet el-Kdima)
Roman to Byzantine (1st c CE – 7th c CE; colonia under Trajan) · Roman / Byzantine (Byzacena)
Byzacena road city at Sahara edge, Thelepte flourished as Byzantine dux capital with massive fortress (1.2 km circuit) built from Roman spolia, two basilicas with mosaics, baths an...
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II Yaloman South Rock
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Turkic
South-facing Yaloman cliff 5 km west of Kalbak-Tash main, with Andronovo two-spoked chariots and 12 Turkic tamga slabs overlaying earlier elk.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Megalith
Puma Punku
Tiwanaku Period 536–600 CE (complex radiocarbon dated) · Tiwanaku
Terraced platform mound within Tiwanaku complex famous for precision-cut andesite and red sandstone blocks with drilled holes, flat planes and interlocking joints to 0.5 mm tolerance, scattered as if…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Skara Brae
Late Neolithic · Grooved Ware / Orcadian Neolithic
Exceptionally preserved Late Neolithic stone-built village of eight clustered houses with stone furniture, hearths and drains. Revealed 1850 after storm, often called Scotland's answer to Pompeii.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Megalith
Anundshög & Anundshög Ship Setting
Bronze Age to Viking Age · Mälaren Iron Age
Anundshög & Anundshög Ship Setting in Västmanland, Sweden is a Bronze Age to Viking Age megalithic attributed to Mälaren Iron Age culture.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient city
Daura Emirate – Hausa Foundation City
Hausa foundation (9th c CE – 1805 Fulani conquest; Bayajidda c. 900 CE) · Hausa (Bayajidda legend; Daurama matriarchal tradition)
Holiest Hausa city where Bayajidda legend says Daurama queen's serpent Sarki in Kusugu well was slain c. 900 CE founding Hausa Bakwai; 14th c mud walls 6.5 km with palace of Emir a...