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🇦🇲 Armenia · Geoglyph
Neolithic to Early Bronze (Aratashen-Shulaveri to Kura-Araxes) · Armenian Highland Neolithic
Highest (3,200 m, 40°30′N 44°20′E) kite field in the Palearctic on the alpine plateau of Mount Aragats (4,090 m volcano).
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Early Holocene moist phase (Neolithic) · Hijaz Neolithic lava-field hunters
Volcanic-field kites (1,100 m, 27°24′N 37°16′E) of the Harrat ar-Rahah-'Uwayrid cluster (Global Volcanism Program 27.408N 37.279E, 1700 m cluster).
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Late Antique · Phoenician / Roman
Phoenician port 1101 BCE now 12 km inland due to siltation; Roman capital of Africa with waterfall mosaic house.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Megalith
Bronze Age → Early Iron Age 1100–500 BCE Gotland · Nordic Bronze Age Gotlandic (Gotland stone-ship tradition)
Gannarve — Gotland stone ship (skeppssättning) Late Bronze–Early Iron Age (c.1100–500 BCE) on Gannarve farm ridge 4 km NE Sandhamn, Fröjel, Gotland west coast, 25 km south Visby.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Geoglyph
Late Neolithic (El-Maghara-related) · Sinai Neolithic coastal hunters
First documented North Sinai kites (45 m asl, 31°01′N 33°09′E) on Bardawil lagoon sabkha plain south of Bir al-Abd, bridging Sinai to Negev corridor.
🇮🇱 Israel · Geoglyph
Late Neolithic to Chalcolithic · Timnian / Desert Chalcolithic
Negev Highlands kite cluster (480 m, 30°51′N 34°51′E) on makhtesh (crater) rim plateaux between Ramon (30°35′N 34°50′E) and Har Harif, extending the Israeli Negev kite province beyond the three known…
🇦🇹 Austria · Megalith
Late Neolithic (Lengyel to Early Baden, c.3500–3300 BCE) · Lengyel late / Epilengyel–Baden
The Ziersdorf passage grave (Lengyel/Baden transition c.3500–3300 BCE) is Austria's most northerly megalithic tomb, a 5-m limestone chamber with 1.8-m passage within a 12-m round mound on the…
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Kurgan
Late Bronze to Early Iron (Khirigsuur / Deer Stone-Khirigsuur Complex) · Mongolian Late Bronze pastoral
Steppe-forest ecotone kurgan and deer-stone complex (1,580 m, 46°29′28″N 104°07′07″E 46.4912N 104.1186E Bayan-Öndör) bridging Mongolian Khirigsuur (Late Bronze 1300-700 BCE) and deer stone-khirigsuur…
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Kurgan
Late Bronze to Early Iron (Andronovo / Saka) + Turkic · Andronovo / Saka / Turkic
Ili River terrace kurgan field (650 m, 43°56′N 75°32′E 43.93,75.53) downstream from Tamgaly UNESCO rock-art gorge (1145), on second terrace above Ili.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Early Iron Age (Scythian / Uyuk-Sagly) · Uyuk / Sagly Scythian (Arzhan-derived)
Mid-Uyuk-Seedling kurgan chain (850 m, 51°43′N 94°27′E) in Ulug-Khem (Upper Yenisei) floodplain north of Kyzyl, on terrace between Tuva's Uyuk Valley (Arzhan) and Sayan foothills.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Fortress
Migration Period → Vendel 400–800 Gotland · Gotlandic Iron Age (Gutar, East Scandinavian)
Stavgard — Gotlandic ringfort (Migrations–Vendel Period 400–800 CE, with Iron Age reuse) on Stavgard farm ridge, Burs parish, southeastern Gotland, 35 km southeast Visby.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Archaic to Hellenistic (600–250 BCE) · Greek / Hellenistic
Abandoned c.250 BCE lagoon promontory synoecized to Berenice, preserved smash floors under sabkha.
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Ancient village
Late Chalcolithic Namazga II–IV 3500–2000 BCE · Kopet Chalcolithic (Kara-Depe facies)
Namazga II–IV Chalcolithic mound (c.3500–2000 BCE) on the Kopet chain between Geok-Tepe and Kaahka — Kara-Depe excavated 1950s–60s by Masson and Berezkin, 3 ha tell with tripartite painted ware…
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Northern Dynasties to Qing (Western Wei to 19th c.) · Han-Tibetan Buddhist communities of Longxi
Yellow River Tibetan fringe 5-cave scarp Western Wei 540 CE seated Buddha with Tibetan repaint.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Neolithic–Chalcolithic Narhan (2000–1300) → Early Historic NBPW (700–300 BCE) · Narhan–Chechar Middle Ganga Chalcolithic → Mauryan
Early Ganga Neolithic–Chalcolithic hamlet (c.2000–600 BCE) at Chechar–Kutubpur in Vaishali district on the Ganga north bank — excavated 1977–79 by Ranjit Singh and later BHU teams, yielded buried hut…
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Late Neolithic (Wartberg 3400–2800 BCE) · Wartberg
The Gudensberg-Maden cluster, on the basalt Odenberg plateau 15 km south of Kassel, is a Wartberg gallery grave field of at least three known 12–15 m gallery chambers (Maden I–III) and cist graves of…
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Early Intermediate to Middle Horizon (Nazca-Caravelí / Huari) · Nazca-Caravelí desert pampa tradition
Broad, crimson deflation plain (890 m, 15°52′11″S 74°05′23″W per Maplandia 15.8697S 74.0897W) north of the Atico drainage, bearing 30+ linear geoglyphs: 90-310 m cleared lines, 45 m trapezoid, and…
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock art
Iron Age to Hellenistic (700 BCE–200 CE) · Libyan (Berber) / Greek
30+ artificial underground caves 4 m deep with Libyan silhouette art and Greek votive 700 BCE–200 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Initial Period to Early Horizon (Sechín-Casma) · Sechín / Casma
Arid pampa (210 m, 9°28′48″S 78°18′00″W) between Río Casma and Río Sechín, extension north of known Sechín Bajo pyramid (1800 BCE) pampa lines.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Classical to Roman · Carian, Hellenistic
850-m Kavaklıdere upland Zeus Hyllos 2nd BCE prostylos with agora odeion, Chrysaoric League pastoral city.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Early Bronze Age IA · Proto-Jawa
1.8-km spate canal feeding 12-ha bunded fields north of Jawa town.
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Late Neolithic (c.3500–3000 BCE, Beaker reuse c.2500 BCE) · Carnac–Morbihan Neolithic with Bell Beaker
Conguel (Late Neolithic c.3500–3000 BCE) perches on the windswept granite Pointe du Conguel, the narrow isthmus linking Quiberon peninsula to mainland at Saint-Pierre, a 3-m passage grave with small…
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock art
Libyan to Roman (500 BCE–300 CE) · Libyan / Greek / Hellenistic
Libyan shaft necropolis with betyl horseman stela and Hooded-figure Karst chambers 500 BCE–300 CE.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Iron Age (Celtic) · Pre-Christian Celtic / Iron Age Ireland
Iron Age janus idols (1.2 m double-headed) in Boa Island cemetery, Lough Erne — most enigmatic Celtic stones in Ireland.
