🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Phanagoria — Kuban Delta Western Harbour Mole
Classical to Medieval (500 BCE – 1000 CE) · Bosporan Greek
Western Kuban mole of Phanagoria — timber-piled harbour at former river mouth, now silted 1–2.5 m in delta.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Karanis — Southern Lake Harbour Pier at Kom Aushim
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (3rd c. BCE – 350 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman
Southern lake pier of Karanis — 32 m limestone pier and basin 380 m south of town, now 2.5–4 m under fields.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Myos Hormos — Eastern Reef Channel Harbour at Marsa Nakari
Mid-Holocene reef to Late Roman · Roman Egyptian
Outer reef channel of Myos Hormos — 22 m reef cut with Roman concrete at 2–5 m breach at Marsa Nakari.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Patrai — Central Submerged Emporium in Kerch Strait
Archaic to Late Antiquity (6th c. BCE – 500 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan / Roman
Central strait emporium of Patrai — transshipment mole at 2–4 m in Kerch Strait handling grain toll.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Hermonassa — Northern Lagoon Harbour in Taman Bay
Archaic to Medieval Rus (550 BCE – 1400 CE) · Mytilenean Greek / Bosporan / Byzantine / Kievan Rus
Northern lagoon harbour of Hermonassa — rubble mole and timber causeway at 1.5–3 m in Taman lagoon.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Berenike — Wadi Harit Road Outlet Harbour Hinterland
Ptolemaic to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE – 550 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian / Eastern Desert Arabs
Inland wadi harbour outlet of Berenike — silted canal and caravanserai linking lagoon to Coptos road.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Bata — Tsemes Bay Harbour at Novorossiysk
Archaic to Late Antiquity (550 BCE – 370 CE) · Sindian / Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Submerged harbour of Bata — Classical mole at 3–8 m under Novorossiysk commercial port in Tsemes Bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ayn Sukhna — Galala Northern Anchorage Gallery
Old Kingdom (2700–2180 BCE) with Middle Kingdom reuse · Old Kingdom Egyptian
Northern reef anchorage of Ayn Sukhna — reef channel and ramp at 2–5 m below Galala cliffs north bay.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Nymphaion — Northern Vineyard Terrace Submerged Harbour
Archaic to Late Antiquity (580 BCE – 400 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Northern drowned vineyard-harbour of Nymphaion — rock-cut quay and vine trenches 1.8–3.2 m in Geroevka Bay.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Toricos — Southern Harbour at Toretae Cape
Archaic to Byzantine (6th c. BCE – 600 CE) · Toretae / Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Southern harbour of Toricos — rubble mole and galley slipway at 2–4 m off Gelendzhik Tonkiy Cape.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Soknopaiou Nesos — Western Lagoon Anchorage at Dime
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 350 CE) · Greco-Roman Egyptian
Western fishing lagoon of Soknopaiou Nesos — 65 m lee basin with jetty, now dry silt at Dime west.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Olbia Pontica — Berezan Approach Breakwater
Mid-Holocene forest to Late Antiquity · Milesian Greek / Roman
Northern channel breakwater of Olbia — 70 m mole at 4–6 m off Berezan approach with Holocene forest below.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Patrai — Achilleion Cape Anchorage off Taman
Archaic to Late Antiquity (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Ionian Greek / Bosporan
Western Achilles-shrine anchorage of Patrai — jetty and votive platform at 5–8 m off Achilleion Cape.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Pantikapaion — South Mole Harbour Extension
Early Bronze Age land surface to Late Antiquity · Bosporan Hellenistic
Southern rubble mole of Pantikapaion — 90 m breakwater at 3.5–5 m defining royal basin in Kerch Bay.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Toricos — Northern Roadstead Anchorage at Gelendzhik
Classical to Medieval (5th c. BCE – 1200 CE) · Toretae / Bosporan / Genoese
Northern roadstead of Toricos — reef anchorage at 6–9 m with 15 moorings and amphora scatter in Gelendzhik north bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Akoris — Northern Quarry Valley Harbour at Tihna North
Ptolemaic to Coptic (300 BCE – 500 CE) · Graeco-Roman Egyptian
Northern quarry valley of Akoris — slipway and wadi canal buried 2–4 m for 3-ton block export north.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Bata — Gelendzhik Bay Northern Cape Anchorage
Archaic to Byzantine (550 BCE – 600 CE) · Sindian / Toretae / Bosporan
Northern reef roadstead off Gelendzhik — 90 m enhanced reef at 4–6 m with moorings linked to Bata chora.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Gorgippia — Southern Breakwater at Anapa Bay
Early Holocene wetland to Late Antiquity · Bosporan Greek
Southern mole of Gorgippia — 75 m rubble breakwater at 4–6 m protecting Sukko anchorage in Anapa Bay.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Chersonesos — Pesochnaya Bay Western Anchorage
Classical to Genoese (5th c. BCE – 1400 CE) · Herakleian / Byzantine / Genoese
Western anchorage of Chersonesos — open roadstead anchor field at 5–8 m in Pesochnaya Bay with jetty.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Nymphaion — Eltegen Eastern Breakwater Harbour
Neolithic land surface to Late Antiquity · Milesian / Bosporan
Eastern fish harbour of Nymphaion — curved breakwater and tidal salt-pool at 2.5–4 m in Eltegen Bay.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Hermonassa — Western Cape Anchorage on Taman Spit
Archaic to Medieval (550 BCE – 1200 CE) · Mytilenean / Bosporan / Genoese
Western reef anchorage of Hermonassa — enhanced reef with 12 mooring cuttings at 4–7 m off Tuzla cape.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Kepoi — Eastern Necropolis Offshore Grave Terrace
Archaic to Late Antiquity · Milesian / Bosporan
Eastern drowned grave terrace of Kepoi — limestone mortuary landing at 3–5 m with sarcophagi in situ.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Kekova – Sunken City of Dolichiste (Simena)
Lycian to Byzantine (Hellenistic 4th c. BCE – 7th c. CE) · Lycian / Greek / Roman / Byzantine
Lycian harbour town Dolichiste subsided by 2nd c. earthquakes along 500 m of Kekova Island — sarcophagi awash.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Cosa – Tagliata Etruscan–Roman Harbour & Spacco della Regina
Etruscan to Medieval (273 BCE colony – 1320 CE sack) · Etruscan / Roman Republican / Imperial
Etruscan-cut Tagliata channel port — 70 m rock-cut harbour canal now tidal 0–1 m, Rome earliest colony harbour.